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Mechanics of Tissue Development

This presentation explores the intricate mechanics of tissue development, focusing on the formation of adherens junctions (AJs) and the role of Rho family GTPases in mediating actin-based structure formation. It examines the dynamics of E-cadherin, the impact of desmosomal component expression on differentiation, and the evolutionarily conserved Par/aPKC cassette required for cell polarity and survival. We will discuss coordination between integrins and growth factors, the influence of the extracellular matrix (ECM) on epithelial tissue renewal, and models of morphogen gradient establishment.

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Mechanics of Tissue Development

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  1. Mechanics of Tissue Development Colin Jamora cjamora@biomail.ucsd.edu Natural Science Building Room 6113

  2. Current Model of AJ formation

  3. Rho family of small GTPases mediate formation of actin-based structures: Rho: formation of stress fibers Rac: lamellipodia Cdc42: filopodia

  4. Rho wt Inhibition of Rho signaling Rho appears to be required in the nascent AJ

  5. Rac-GFP DNRac(RacT17)GFP Impaired maturation of AJ

  6. E-cadherin dynamics impact upon: proliferation, differentiation, motility, polarity

  7. Desmosomes

  8. Expression Pattern of Desmosomal Components Affect Differentiation

  9. Disease associated with mutated keratins Mutation in desmoplakin; mouse KO is early embryonic lethal owing to a defect in cardiovascular development

  10. Tight junctions and polarity

  11. Evolutionarily Conserved Par/aPKC cassetteRequired For Polarization

  12. Cell Survival and Proliferation Require Interaction with the ECM Epithelial cells of tissues that self renew by migration of stem cells (i.e. skin and gut) Non-renewing epithelia (mammary gland, prostate) where matrix promotes differentiation

  13. Coordinated Signaling between Integrins and Growth Factors

  14. Integrin and Cadherin Crosstalk

  15. Disorder linked to aberrant cell-substratum adhesion

  16. Models of the Establishment of Morphogen Gradients Passive diffusion Active transport (i.e. planar transcytosis) Interaction with ECM components (i.e. HSPG)

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