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Building Living Laboratories of the Future

Building Living Laboratories of the Future. Invited Plenary Talk The Society for College and University Planning San Diego, CA July 17, 2002. Dr. Larry Smarr Director, California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technologies

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Building Living Laboratories of the Future

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  1. Building Living Laboratories of the Future Invited Plenary Talk The Society for College and University Planning San Diego, CA July 17, 2002 Dr. Larry Smarr Director, California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technologies Professor, Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Jacobs School of Engineering, UCSD

  2. California’s Institutes for Science and Innovation UCSB UCLA UCI UCSD California Institute for Bioengineering, Biotechnology, and Quantitative Biomedical Research Center for Information Technology Research in the Interest of Society UCD UCM UCB UCSF California NanoSystems Institute UCSC California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology www.ucop.edu/california-institutes

  3. Cal-(IT)2 -- An Integrated Approach to Research on the Future of the Internet 220 UCSD & UCI Faculty Working in Multidisciplinary Teams With Students, Industry, and the Community Over Fifty Industrial Partners www.calit2.net

  4. The Internet Is Going to Be “Always-On” • Wireless Access--Anywhere, Anytime • Broadband Speeds • Cellular Interoperating with Wi-Fi • Billions of New Wireless Internet End Points • Information Appliances (Including Cell Phones) • Sensors and Actuators • Embedded Processors • Broadband Becomes a Mass Market • Homes and Business Buildings • Enormous Bandwidth Optical Backbones

  5. Broadband Wireless Internet Infrastructure is Emerging Today • Wireless Internet “Hot Spots” • IEEE 802.11 b,a • Access Ports to Wired Internet • Real Broadband--11 mbps Going to 54 mbps • Security and Authentication can be Added • Cellular Internet is Rolling Out • CDMA2000 1xEV-DO • South Korea SKT & KTF See Fast Growth • Verizon, Sprint Introduce This Summer • WCDMA & GPRS • Japan NTT DoCoMo FOMA Launched Oct 2001 Samsung “The future is already here, it’s just not evenly distributed”William Gibson, Author of Neuromancer

  6. Soon The Internet Will Be Available Throughout the Physical World Subscribers (millions) 2,000 1,800 1,600 1,400 1,200 1,000 Mobile Internet 800 600 400 Fixed Internet 200 0 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Source: Ericsson

  7. Using Students to Invent the Futureof Widespread Use of Wireless Pocket PCs • Year- Long “Living Laboratory” Experiment 2001-02 • Computer Science & Engineering Undergraduates • 500+ Wireless-Enabled HP Pocket PCs at UC San Diego • 50 Compaq Pocket PCs at UC Irvine • Currently Using Local Area Network Wireless Internet • Experiments with Geo-location and Interactive Maps UC Irvine UC San Diego Cal-(IT)2 Team: Bill Griswold, Gabriele Wienhausen, UCSD; Rajesh Gupta, UCI

  8. ActiveClass: Asking a Question 1. Click in box 2. Type question 3. Click Submit Source: Bill Griswold, UCSD

  9. ActiveClass: Asking a Question Also Polls and Class Ratings Question is posted Others can vote on it • Used in CSE 12, Our 2nd Programming Course • 200 Students in Two Sections • Continuing This Term Source: Bill Griswold, UCSD

  10. Geolocation Is Likely to Be an Early New Wireless Internet Application • Methods of Geolocation • GPS chips • GPS signal • Triangulation • Bluetooth Beacons • Gyro chips UCSD ActiveCampus – Outdoor Map Source: Bill Griswold, UCSD

  11. Experimenting with the Future -- Wireless Internet Video Cams & Robots Useful for Highway Accidents or Disasters Linked by Qualcomm 1xEV Cellular Internet Mobile Interactivity Avatar Computer Vision and Robotics Research Lab Mohan Trivedi, UCSD, Cal-(IT)2

  12. However, Broad Debate Is Needed to Avoid Citizen Revolt Against Privacy Violations

  13. Local Wi-Fi Can Be Linked With Wide Area Cellular Internet • First US Taste of 3G Cellular Internet • UCSD Jacobs School Antenna • First Beta Test Site • Linking to 802.11 Mobile “Bubble” • Tested on CyberShuttle • Joint Project with Campus • From Railway to Campus at 65 mph! Rooftop Qualcomm 1xEV Access Point www.calit2.net/news/2002/4-2-bbus.html

  14. Creating a Mobile BubbleWith a Briefcase…

  15. Why Optical NetworksAre Emerging as the 21st Century Driver Scientific American, January 2001

  16. Closing in on the Dream Boston “What we really have to do is eliminate distance between individuals who want to interact with other people and with other computers.” ― Larry Smarr, Director National Center for Supercomputing Applications, UIUC Illinois “Using satellite technology…to demo what It might be like to have high-speed fiber-optic links between advanced computers in two different geographic locations.” ― Al Gore, Senator Chair, US Senate Subcommittee on Science, Technology and Space SIGGRAPH 89 Science by Satellite Source: Maxine Brown, EVL, UIC

  17. Many National Science Facilities Require Distributed Storage and Computing Biomedical Informatics Research Network (BIRN) NIH Plans to Expand to Other Organs and Many Laboratories Part of the UCSD CRBSCenter for Research on Biological Structure National Partnership for Advanced Computational Infrastructure

  18. Some Scientific Applications Require Experimental Optical Networks • Large Data Challenges in Neuro and Earth Sciences • Each Data Object is 3D and Gigabytes • Data are Generated and Stored in Distributed Archives • Research is Carried Out on Federated Repository • Requirements • Computing Requirements  PC Clusters • Communications  Dedicated Lambdas • Data  Large Peer-to-Peer Lambda Attached Storage • Visualization  Collaborative Volume Algorithms • Response • OptIPuter Research Project

  19. Compute + Data + Viz Grid: LambdaGrid Building Block Commodity GigE Switch • Consider a Canonical Building Block • Cluster: 16 – 128 Nodes (160GF – 1.2 TF) • Storage: 0.5TB – 10 TB • Visualization: Desktop, Wall, Panoram External Access

  20. Logical ConnectionsCentral DWDM Switch Oracle DB Server switch switch switch switch Chemistry, Engineering, Arts School of Med switch • Cluster – Disk • Disk – Disk • Viz – Disk • DB – Cluster • Cluster – Cluster DWDMSwitch SDSC SIO

  21. The UCSD LambdaGrid “Living Laboratory” ½ Mile Phase I, Fall 02 Phase II, Jan. 03 SDSC Preuss JSOE Cal-(IT)2 6thCollege CRCA SOM Keck SIO

  22. Metro Optically Linked Visualization Walls • Driven by SensorNets Data • Real Time Seismic • Environmental Monitoring • Emergency Response • Distributed Corporations • Linked UCSD and SDSU • Dedication March 4, 2002 Linking Control Rooms UCSD SDSU Cox, Panoram, SAIC, SGI, IBM, TeraBurst Networks SD Telecom Council 44 Miles of Cox Fiber

  23. CENIC and CISI Plan to Create a Dark FiberExperimental and Research Network The SoCal Component

  24. Creating Metro, Regional, State, National, and Planetary Optical Networking Laboratories SURFnet CERN Asia Pacific CA*net4 Vancouver CA*net4 Seattle Pacific Light Rail Portland Chicago NYC UIC NU PSC San Francisco TeraGridDTFnet Asia Pacific NCSA CENIC USC UCI Los Angeles UCSD, SDSU Atlanta San Diego (SDSC) AMPATH Source: Tom DeFanti and Maxine Brown, UIC

  25. From Telephone Conference Calls to International Video Meetings Access Grid Lead-Argonne NSF STARTAP Lead-UIC’s Elec. Vis. Lab

  26. Broadband Networking Enables New Cyber Arts • UCSD/UCI Computer Gaming Initiative • Computing As Social Space • High Resolution Graphics and Audio • Humans Interacting with Virtual Realities UC Irvine UC San Diego Internet Linked Pianos

  27. Cal-(IT)2 Is Designing Two New Buildings Johnson Fain Partners UC Irvine 120,000 GSF Design Approval by UC Regents July 19, 2001

  28. How Wireless and Optical RevolutionsImpact Design of Campus Buildings Bioengineering • Will Create Unique Facilities • Clean Rooms for Nanotech • Computer Arts & Virtual Reality • Wireless and Optical Networking • Interdisciplinary Teams Cal-(IT)2UC San Diego 220,000 GSF May 31, 2002

  29. Building Was Designed For Radio Frequency Transparency • Wireless Communication Trends • Greater Transmission Bandwidth Drives Move To Higher Frequencies • From 900 MHz To 1900 MHz (Cellular Systems) • 2.4 GHz To 5.8 GHz (Unlicensed Band) • LMDS (31 To 31.3 GHz) On The Horizon • Wavelength Of Radio Waves At 3GHz Is 10 cm • LMDS Band Wavelength Is Approximately 1 cm • Building Implications • Signal Absorption Increases • Propagation Tends To Be Line Of Sight • Ceiling Mounted Access Points • Clear Paths Through Hallways To The Exterior • Floor-To-Floor Vertical Cavities • Multiple Reflections  Constructive Or Destructive Interference • Minimize Use Of Sharp Metallic Ducts Or Furniture Source: Ramesh Rao, Cal-(IT)2 and NBBJ

  30. Creating Wireless Propagation Guides to Minimize Interference

  31. Zoning for Ubiquitous Wireless Coverage • Provide For Greater Frequency Reuse • Using Pico Cellular Architecture

  32. Building Materials Were Chosen To Maximize Radio Penetration Exterior Wall Clear Glazing Trespa Wall Panels Interior Walls Glazed Office Walls Clerestory

  33. The Cal-(IT)2 Buildings AreDesigned to Support Virtual Teams Flexibility: Labs Or Offices Mix of Office Types: Carrels and Traditional “Live” Visual Internet Walls Everywhere

  34. Modular Approach for Flexible Fiber and Wireless Connectivity • Wireline Internet Access And Power Drops Every 30 Ft

  35. Should Bandwidth Be the 4th Utility? The 4th Utility Essential Utilities Water Gas Electricity Source:Matt Spathas, SENTRE Partners

  36. Building Bandwidth Connectivity is Exponentially Increasing • 2002 • Campus Backbone is Gigabit Ethernet •  1 Thousand Megabits/sec • 2005 • Cal-(IT)2 UCSD Building • More than 100 Fiber Strands to Building • Assuming 1 Lambda per Fiber Using 10 Gigabit Ethernet •  1 Million Megabits/sec • 2008 • Assuming 100 Lambdas per Fiber •  100 Million Megabits/sec Comparison: Highest Bandwidth into San Diego Commercial Building is 45 Megabits/sec

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