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gUI: Specifying Complete User Interaction

gUI: Specifying Complete User Interaction. Soft computing Laboratory Yonsei University October 25, 200 4. Contents. Computer human user interfaces – Synthesis Value of empathy in synthesis Computer human user interfaces – Analysis gUI research objectives

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gUI: Specifying Complete User Interaction

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  1. gUI: Specifying Complete User Interaction Soft computing Laboratory Yonsei University October25, 2004

  2. Contents • Computer human user interfaces – Synthesis • Value of empathy in synthesis • Computer human user interfaces – Analysis • gUI research objectives • The role of the anthropomorphic interface metaphor • gUI data specification issues • Implementation issues • Results of the prototype system • Conclusion

  3. Computer Human User Interfaces – Synthesis • Humane CHIs (Computer Human Interfaces) • Embodied character agents (ECAs), Embodied conversational agents, virtual conversational characters, virtual humans, talking heads • Basic criteria for a standard markup language • Completeness, simplicity, consistency, intuitiveness, abstraction, usability, standardization, evaluation • VHML • An open specification available at the VHML web site • Two applications • MetaFace, an ECA • The Mentor systems, a dialogue management system

  4. Value of Empathy in Synthesis • ECA with emotions or a personality: Increase the feeling of familiarity • Application areas with common anthropomorphic metaphors • Universities • E-commerce • Web guides • Traveling • Interactive games • Knowledge interactive companions

  5. Computer Human User Interfaces – Analysis • “Aware”: The user does not know how to perform the task • Gestalt user interfaces (gUIs) • “gestalt”: An organized whole in which each part affects every other part • The mind organizes events and situations as a pattern “big picture” • The entities • Similarity, proximity, closure, continuity, membership • Input: A combined “stimulus” of text, button clicks, and analyzed facial, vocal, and emotional gestures • Recognition: Translate the stimulus into the intent

  6. gUIs Value of Empathy in Analysis • “more complete” encapsulation of human interaction • The empathic ability of an interface • The extra functionality acquired • An intuitive interface • Overlooked empathic state of the virtual character • Attend: Considering the thoughts and feelings of the user • Engage: Aligning actions, thoughts, and feelings with those of the user • Value: Expressing the value of the user’s interaction • Encourage: Expression encouragement for further interaction • Parting: Suspending dialogue while user performs other tasks • Available: Allowing the user to interrupt for interaction

  7. gUI Research Objectives • Formal specification, development, implementation, evaluation, and standardization of a markup language is necessary to provide a stable, consistent base for both industrial use and future research into multi-modal Human-Computer interaction • MPEG-4: Solutions to facial and body animation at the low level • Require a unified standard architecture plus language to control/record the higher level human ECA interaction

  8. The Role of the Anthropomorphic Interface Metaphor (1) • Anthropomorphicmetaphor • To specify complete user interaction with an ECA • To use the analysis and synthesis of emotion and gesture • Desktop metaphor • The most predominant metaphor used in computer systems • The metaphor’s likeness to our perception of the world • “illusions” • Reduce cognitive overhead when users interact with an anthropomorphic interface • gUI applications become an extension of real life • Waste paper basket on the Macintosh desktop • The humanity of talking heads

  9. The Role of the Anthropomorphic Interface Metaphor (2) • Anthropomorphic web applications • Bryan and Gerchman • Browsing: The leisurely navigation along an arbitrary path • Searching: Goal oriented finding specific information • A knowledgable ECA (MetaFace) • Knows that you are getting frustrated in web searching • Offers assistance as a friend • Transcription • Representation, transformation, and storage of analyzed emotions and gestures • Real-time interaction and data representation • Efficient storage and communication of the data • Intelligent television application: handle real-time emotions and gestures to control the function of the TV

  10. gUI Data Specification Issues (1) • “Affect recognition” • Proper gestalt understanding of the user requirements • “Non-verbal” behavior and “Non-verbal” communications web site (http://www3.usal.es/~nonverbal/paper.htm) • Temporal window • Differentiate short mixed emotions such as surprise before anger or fear • Detect more lengthy emotions such as gradual happiness as “understanding comes to someone” • Specification of the gUI input data format • At the lowest level: Efficient binary format • At the higher levels: a more structured format aiding in abstraction and cognitive understanding

  11. gUI Data Specification Issues (2)

  12. gUI Data Specification Issues (3) • Dynamic context transitions • Time-stamping of emotion and gestures: Synchronizing the resulting XML document and providing context • MPEG-4 face and body animation • Efficient communication standard • Emotion and gesture representation for real-time applications • Some problems in VHML data representation • Lack of a consistent set of emotions, and the ability to add more • Lack of ability to show change in different sets of emotions or just a single emotion • Lack of additional attributes for emotion besides intensity

  13. gUI Data Specification Issues (4) • A more realistic and extensible semantic structure • Gesture input

  14. gUI Data Specification Issues (5) • Issues on specifying gestures • A huge diversity of gestures for the human body to try and identify a base set for all analysis and synthesis applications • Own associated information on each gesture: No standard parameters for all gestures • Culturally dependent gestures • A less naïve format

  15. Implementation Issues (1) • MetaFace framework • An example ECA used to test the underlying theories • Based on MPEG-4 and VHML • The ability to vocalize and visually display emotion and gesture • Dialogue management tool language (DMTL) • Evaluate tag: Inference the context

  16. Implementation Issues (2)

  17. Conclusion • Challenges • The overlap of text input, gesture, and emotion as one coherent stimulus • Standardization of emotion and gesture representation • Complete user interaction with gestalt user interface • Use anthropomorphic metaphors • Reduce the conceptual load • Mentor and MetaFace research project

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