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PARTICIPATIVE APPROACH TO FORMULATING REGIONAL POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES EXPERIENCES FROM BULUKUMBA DISTRICT INDONESIA. A. AGUNG PJ WAHYUDA BULUKUMBA PRSAP VIENTIANE – LAO PDR, APRIL 4-6, 2006. Client Logo. Initiatives for Local Governance Reform (ILGR). INDONESIAN CONTEXT.

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  1. PARTICIPATIVE APPROACH TO FORMULATING REGIONAL POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES EXPERIENCES FROM BULUKUMBA DISTRICT INDONESIA A. AGUNG PJ WAHYUDA BULUKUMBA PRSAP VIENTIANE– LAO PDR, APRIL 4-6, 2006 Client Logo Initiatives for Local Governance Reform (ILGR)

  2. INDONESIAN CONTEXT • In 2001, the Government of Indonesia devolved authority for many sectors to district and municipal governments • District Governments are now responsible to plan and implement programs in various sectors related to poverty reduction including : • Agriculture • Industry and Investment • Environment • Education • Health • Infrastructure

  3. BULUKUMBA DISTRICT • Located in Eastern Indonesia on Sulawesi Island • In the Southern part of South Sulawesi Province, 150km from the provincial capital, Makassar • Area: 1.154,67 km² or 1,85% of South Sulawesi • Economic Basis: Farming and Fishing • Population 371,453, 88,686 (23.87%)below the poverty line BULUKUMBA

  4. ILGR (Initiatives for Local Governance Reform) A joint program between the Indonesian Government and the World Bank that focused on improving transparency, participation, fiscal management and government procurement at the district level: • Assisted District Governments to develop a model for locally conducted Participatory Poverty Assessments and Formulation of District Poverty Reduction Strategies and Action Plans • Encouraged the application of participatory processes to improve annual planning and budgeting processes

  5. OBJECTIVES PARTICIPATIVE POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY AND ACTION PLAN (PRSAP) • Identify and agree on poverty issues with a broad group of stakeholders, including the poor and women • Formulate a strategy and action plan to be implemented in order to reduce poverty, including monitoring and evaluation mechanisms for the action plan

  6. PRSAP FRAMEWORK PHASE 1 Preparation PHASE 2: Assessment and Analyses PHASE 3: Strategy & Action Plan Formulation PHASE 4: Institutionalization • Action Plan Implementation Through Existing Planning and Budgeting Mechanisms • Drafting/Revising policy in line with action plan • Participative monitoring and evaluation of action plan • PRSAP Formulation and Discussion with Sector Depts. • PRSAP Public Consultation • Action Plan Formulation • Public Consultation on the Action Plan and Overall PRSAP • Draft and Agree on Local Regulation to Implement PRSAP • Preliminary Analysis of District Secondary Poverty Data • Public Consultation on Preliminary Analysis and Site Selection • PPA in Selected Sites (Based on Poverty Typology) • Analysis to Formulate Problem Statements • Public Consultation on Problem Statements • Public Multi-stakeholder Forum to Establish Poverty Working Group (PWG) • Legalization of PWG • Preparation of Poverty Reduction Working Group Work Plan

  7. LESSONS LEARNED Definition of Participation • Assessment • Public Hearings • Public Consultations • FGD (Focus Group Discussion) • Road Show Discussion PROCESS PUBLIC GOVERNMENT OPPORTUNITY TO GIVE INPUT, COMPLAIN AND RECEIVE A RESPONSE PROVIDE OPPORTUNITIES THROUGH FUNDING AND POLICY Local Regulation on Transparency and Participation WORKING GROUP STAKEHOLDER COLLABORATION

  8. LESSONS LEARNED SUPPORTING FACTORS • PREVIOUS AND EXISTING PARTICIPATIVE PROGRAMS • WILLINGNESS OF ‘ELITE BUREAUCRATS’ TO CHANGE • PUBLIC INTEREST AND CRITIQUE SUCCESS • PRSAP A REFERENCE FOR ALL LOCAL GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS FOR PLANNING AND BUDGETING IN EFFORTS TO REDUCE POVERTY (MANDATED THROUGH DECREE FROM THE DISTRICT HEAD) • LOCAL REGULATION ON PARTICIPATION AND TRANSPARENCY • CONSISTENT PARTICIPATION OF ALL STAKEHOLDERS CONSTRAINTS • LACK OF PARTICIPATION FROM THE POOR IN DISTRICT LEVEL PUBLIC CONSULTATION • PROCESS TOOK LONGER THAN ANTICIPATED

  9. LESSONS LEARNED ROLE OF THE POOR • INVOLVED in FIELD ASSESSMENT of POVERTY ISSUES and POTENTIAL STRATEGY and ACTION PLAN to REDUCE POVERTY • PUBLIC CONSULTATION at the CLUSTER LEVEL RESULTING FOCUS OF PRSAP • EDUCATION ---- CROSS SUBSIDIES AND SCHOLARSHIPS FOR POOR STUDENTS • HEALTH--- VOUCHER SYSTEM TO INCREASE ACCESS FOR THE POOR • SKILLS DEVELOPMENT (e.g. small-scale manufacturing, sewing etc.) ---- MOBILE TRAINING UNIT SYSTEM • ENVIRONMENT ---- CLEAN-UP OF POLLUTED AREAS • BUSINESS CAPITAL --- INCREASE ACCESS TO FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FOR THE POOR

  10. LESSONS LEARNED WOMEN’S ROLE • STRONG PARTICIPATION in FIELD LEVEL ASSESSMENT and PREPARING PARTICIPATION TOOLS • CONSISTENT PARTICIPATION IN WORKING GROUP RESULTING FOCUS OF PRSAP • INCREASE AWARENESS ---- WOMEN-FOCUSSED PROGRAMS • IMPROVE CAPACITY ---- MINIMUM 30% WOMEN IN TRAINING

  11. CONCLUSIONS: How Can the Poor Influence Policy? LOBBYING from INTEREST GROUPS INDIRECT • CONSISTENT DISTRICT GOVERNMENT and NON-GOVERNMENT SUPPORT FOR POVERTY REDUCTION • INSTITUTIONALIZATION of PARTICIPATIVE PROCESS POLICY CHANGE GOVERNMENT to PROVIDE FACILITATION and TIME to ALLOW INPUT DIRECT GOVT. AND CSOs to SUPPORT INCREASED CAPACITY and AWARENESS OF THE POOR

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