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The Exam on Monday will cover…

The Exam on Monday will cover…. The reign of Solomon Wisdom literature The divided kingdom Introduction to prophets Hosea, Amos, Jonah, Nahum Isaiah, Micah, Joel Matt’s review this evening – 7:00 in J112 A list of names to know has been posted on Blackboard. Psalm 100:5.

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The Exam on Monday will cover…

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  1. The Exam on Monday will cover… • The reign of Solomon • Wisdom literature • The divided kingdom • Introduction to prophets • Hosea, Amos, Jonah, Nahum • Isaiah, Micah, Joel • Matt’s review this evening – 7:00 in J112 • A list of names to know has been posted on Blackboard

  2. Psalm 100:5 • KI TOV ADONAI • Because good (is) the LORD • LE’OLAM ḤASDO (2X) • To eternity (is) His hesed • VE’AD DOR VE-DOR (2X) • And unto generation and generation • EMUNATO • His faithfulness

  3. Prophets to the North and to Assyria Covenant Enforcement Mediators

  4. Review Questions • Why were the prophets called “covenant enforcement mediators”? • What was the rabbinic parable? • What “media” did the prophets employ?

  5. Israel and Judah in Wider Context

  6. Jehu Pays Tribute to Shalmaneser III

  7. Jonah • Historical background: II Kings 14:25 – Jeroboam and the looming presence of Assyria • Purpose of the book – a comprehensive demonstration of God’s sovereignty • God’s command to Jonah/Jonah’s “logical” disobedience • The storm, sea, fish – and Jonah’s rescue by the fish • Repentance of Nineveh and the lesson to Jonah • Jesus’ reference to Jonah – “the sign of Jonah” (Matthew 12:39-41; 16:4; Luke 11:30) – location of Gath-Hepher

  8. The Background for Amos • During reigns of Jeroboam II and Uzziah (ca. 750 BCE) • A sheep herder and tender of fig trees from Tekoa • Compelled to prophesy (3:2-8) • Prophesied at Bethel (7:10) – echoes of “the man of God” from Judah

  9. Structure and Messages of Amos • Oracles against Israel’s neighbors • Damascus – destruction (genocide) of Gilead • Philistia – selling Hebrew slaves to Edom • Tyre – selling whole communities as captives to Edom • Edom – pursuing brother with sword • Ammon – destruction of Gilead (genocide) • Moab – vengeance and hatred • Judah – rejected Torah and embraced idolatry • Oracles against Israel – the “day of the Lord” (5:18) • Social sins • Idolatry • Complacency

  10. A Threshing Sledge

  11. Amos and the Future • Visions – “the Lord showed me” and “I saw the Lord” • Locusts • Judgment by fire • Plumb line • Ripe fruit • Amos in the New Testament (Acts 15:16-18) – restoration of David’s fallen tent

  12. Hosea • Historical background – time of Jeroboam II • Hosea’s marriage • His wife and children: Jezreel, Lo-Ruhamah, Lo-Ammi • The significance of God’s command to Hosea • Israel’s sins – chapter 4 begins the lawsuit • Idolatry and dependence on other gods (ba’al) – spiritual adultery • Breaking covenant stipulations • Dependence on Assyria and Egypt • God’s response – the wounded Lover

  13. Hosea in the New Testament • “not my people” – 1:10, 2:23 in Romans 9:25-26; I Peter 2:10 • “I desire mercy, not sacrifice” – 6:6 in Matt 9:13; 12:7 • “out of Egypt have I called my son” – 11:1 in Matt 2:15 • [terrors in the last days] – 10:8b in Luke 23:30 and Rev 6:16 • “death, where is your victory?” – 13:14 in I Cor 15:55

  14. Nahum • Historical background • From Elkosh (unknown location) • Sometime before the fall of Nineveh (612 BCE) and after fall of Thebes (No-Amon in 3:8) which occurred in 650 BCE • Fall of Nineveh in extra-biblical sources • Poetry of Nahum – short, punctuated sentences – abruptness of war situation • The Message • Validity of the prophecy based on the sovereignty of God • Nineveh’s violent end because of atrocities and idolatry

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