Overview of the Accommodation Sector in Canada: History, Types, and Career Opportunities

1. Chapter 10Accommodation Sector

2. Introduction • Canada – more than 300,000 rooms • 8700 hotels and motels • 172,300 workers = 12% tourism related jobs • One of the larger employers

3. History • Middle ages (1200) hospitality was a Christian duty • Stagecoach lines – inns • Railway in N.A. – hotels • Elevator invented 1853 – high-rise • Hotel construction peak in 1920’s • CPR – 1929 - Royal York – 1156 rooms • 1930-1935 – 85% American hotels bankrupt.

4. History – cont’d. • After WWII – building began • 1950-60’s - hotel chains • 1958 – 74 – major hotel building phase • New architecture – atrium design • 1986 – big building year in Canada • 1990-91 – recession hit hotel industry, occ = 58%, • 9/11 - ????

5. Hotel classed • Type [ motel, hotel] • Function [ resort, convention] • Location [ city center, airports] • Scale [ budget, economy]

6. Motels/Motor Inns • 1950,s boom • Highway system developed • Automobile travelers • Located on roadsides • Motel chains I.e. Holiday Inns – Kemmons Wilson

7. Hotels • Offer more services • High-rise • Urban centers

8. Resort Hotels • In N.A. developed with railway • Banff Springs – 1888 • Algonquin, Greenbrier, W.V. • Started for the very wealthy, now for everyone. • Today have many more.

9. Convention Hotels • Most recent development • Started to be built in 1960’s • Cater to large group gatherings • Used for conventions, trade shows • Groups – political, religious, industry, etc. • Example??

10. Country Inns/B&B’s • Small and cozy properties • Limited services • May have cabins/cottages Other types of lodging: • All-suite hotels • Micro-hotels • Atrium hotels • Casino hotels • Spa hotels

11. . • All suite hotels • Residential Accommodations – cater to guests who live on premises, company suites • Time Share Resorts • Hostels • Theme Park Resorts

12. Other classifications • Service level – budget/economy, standard, luxury • Rating – 5 star, Canada Select • Location – airport, downtown

13. Ownership • Individual – 50% of properties in N.A. • Chain – multiple properties • Leases • Franchise- contract with a chain, pay 3-6% • Management contract- franchise does not own the property. Used when foreign ownership was forbidden

14. Holiday Inn Hilton Hyatt Marriot Renaissance Weston Ramada Big 8 Delta CP Hotels Sheraton Chains

15. Holiday Inn • 2nd largest chain • Revolutionary at start- • Pools • Restaurants • Air conditioning • Baby sitters • Free under 12 with parents • TVs & phones in every room

16. Organization Departments • Rooms • Sales and marketing • Food and beverage • Human resources • Accounting • Security • Maintenance and engineering • Purchasing

17. Accommodation Management Rooms Division • Front office • Reservations • Bell • Concierge • Housekeeping • 24/7

18. Factors affecting the Price Rack rate: published rate for room • Location – downtown or on beach • Room location – poolside, view • Room size/features – jacuzzi, fireplace • Length of stay & season • Meals – EP, MAP • Special features- pool, spa • Special rates – corporate, senior, group

19. Terms Single- room with one bed Twin- room with 2 beds Twin double- room with 2 double beds Suite- one or more bedrooms and sitting area

20. Rates • Rack rate -full standard daily rate • Weekend rate- discount rate • Run of the house rate - discount for a group of rooms • Corporate rate- discount for business travelers

21. Meal plans • Continental breakfast- coffee, juice and a roll croissant or muffin • E.P.-European plan- room , no meals • A.P.- American plan- includes 3 meals + room • MAP- modified American plan- breakfast, dinner and room

22. Career Opportunities • Front desk • Housekeeping • Accounting • F & B – culinary, catering, • Sales • Engineering • Spas and fitness centers