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Dairy Breeds

Dairy Breeds. Mr. Flowers AGSC 102. Objectives. Discuss the major breeds of dairy cattle Describe the distinguishing characteristics that make up each breed Given pictures, identify different breeds of dairy cattle and give one fact about them. The Six Breeds…. Ayrshire Brown Swiss

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Dairy Breeds

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  1. Dairy Breeds Mr. Flowers AGSC 102

  2. Objectives • Discuss the major breeds of dairy cattle • Describe the distinguishing characteristics that make up each breed • Given pictures, identify different breeds of dairy cattle • and give one fact about them

  3. The Six Breeds… • Ayrshire • Brown Swiss • Guernsey • Holstein • Jersey • Milking Shorthorn

  4. Ayrshire • Developed in Scotland • First imported to the United States in 1822 • Red with white markings and the red may vary in shade from very light to very dark (almost black)

  5. Ayrshire • Medium Sized – cow weighs ~1,200 pounds at maturity • Excellent shape and attachment of udders • Good feet and legs

  6. Brown Swiss • One of the oldest and purest dairy breeds • Originated in Switzerland • First came to America in 1869

  7. Brown Swiss • Color varies from light brown with grey/silvery tones to very dark brown • Muzzle and stripe along backbone are usually light in color • Large breed – mature cow weighs ~1,500 pounds

  8. Brown Swiss • Good feet and legs which lead to longevity • Very quiet and docile • Adapt to many different climates

  9. Guernsey • Originated from the Island of Guernsey • Brought to United States in 1840 • Color is fawn with white markings (clearly defined)

  10. Guernsey • Intermediate in size – a mature cow averages 1,150 pounds • Have uneven top lines and smaller udders • Have active, but not nervous, disposition

  11. Guernsey • Often referred to as the “Golden Guernsey” because of its yellow milk color • Milk is high in protein

  12. Holstein • Originated in the Netherlands • Imported to the United States in 1852 • Color patters are black and white or red and white (no solid colors)

  13. Holstein • Largest of the dairy breeds – average weight of cow is 1,500 pounds • Straight top lines and long, level rumps • Cows are very docile, but bulls can be vicious

  14. Holstein • Excellent milk producers (produce more each year than any other breed) • Adapt to a wide range of environmental conditions • Lead other breeds in registry numbers (~19 million registered to date)

  15. Jersey • Originated from the Island of Jersey • One of the oldest breeds • First imported to the United States in the 1850s

  16. Jersey • Vary in color from light tan to dark fawn (darker shading around head and legs) • Smallest of the dairy breeds – mature cows weigh an average of 950 pounds • Straight top lines, level rumps, and excellent udders

  17. Jersey • Typically have a “dished” face • Usually nervous and sensitive, yet docile • Bulls have least docile temperament • Have highest percentage of butterfat

  18. Milking Shorthorn • Originated in England • Imported to the United States in the 1790s • Not a separate breed, but a segment of the beef breed of Shorthorns

  19. Milking Shorthorn • Dual purpose breed • Red, white, red and white, or roan in color • Larger framed breed – mature cows weigh ~1,400 pounds

  20. Milking Shorthorn • Show only some evidence of the dairy character • Not high milk producers

  21. Summary • Discuss the major breeds of dairy cattle • Describe the distinguishing characteristics that make up each breed • Given pictures, identify different breeds of dairy cattle • and give one fact about them

  22. Application • Study your notes for five minutes. • After studying, take out a piece of notebook paper and number it from 1-6. • Without using your notes or a friend’s help, tell which breed the following is and one fact about it.

  23. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

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