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The Era of Western Imperialism: Edward VII and Global Expansion

In the early 20th century, King Edward VII embodied the reach of the British Empire, famously stating that his empire 'circled the globe.' This chapter explores the motivations behind imperialism, including economic expansion driven by the Industrial Revolution, political and military interests for securing trade routes, and humanitarian goals to spread Western medicine and Christianity. It discusses the resistance faced from colonized nations, the various forms of imperial control like colonies and protectorates, and the significant advantages held by European powers in enforcing their dominance.

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The Era of Western Imperialism: Edward VII and Global Expansion

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  1. Chapter 25.1 A western-Dominated World

  2. King Edward VII • Inherited throne in 1901 • Said his empire circled the globe • The sun was always shining on the throne in some way

  3. Imperialism • European nations won empires in the Americas after 1492 • Established colonies in India and southeast Asia • Gained toeholds on the coasts of Africa and China

  4. Reasons for Imperialism • Economy- the industrial revolution was expanding over seas. • Political and military interest- many goods were being transported over seas and needed security. • Humanitarian and religious goals- people felt like they needed to spread their medicine, laws, and Christian beliefs. • Social Darwinism- the strong survive and the weak strive. • Empire builders and critics – many people were involved in the new imperialism movement and the western movement of a democracy.

  5. Down the barrel of a gun • Western advantages- Europeans had a strong economy, well organized governments, powerful armies and navies, superior medicine, and superior fire power. • Resistance- Africans and Asians resisted western expansion and even fought their invaders even with out the fire power of the maxim machine gun.

  6. Forms of imperial control • Colonies- many colonies were established and nobles from over seas would become governors, officials, and soldiers to rule the local people. • Protectorates- the local rulers would be left in place but they were under the advice of the country the colonized them and were advised on matters of trade, war, and/or missionary activity. • Spheres of influence- when the outside power claimed exclusive power of investment and/or trading privileges.

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