Understanding Metals, Non-metals, and Metalloids in Chemistry

1. Warm-up February 7 • 1. Identify the following elements as a metal, non-metal, or a metalloid. • Hydrogen Copper • Sodium Arsenic • Helium Boron 2. In your own words tell me how you would describe to a third grader where the metals, non-metals, and metalloids are located on the periodic table.

2. 10 NEED TO KNOW-QUIZ NEXT FRIDAY!! • water (H2O) • carbon dioxide (CO2) • sucrose (C12H22O11) • table salt (NaCl) • oxygen (O2) • household bleach (NaClO) • hydrochloric acid (HCl) • ammonia (NH3) • baking soda (NaHCO3) • vinegar 5% solution (HC2H3O2)

3. LETS REFLECT ON OUR BENCHMARK • Good News or bad news? • Problems you had? • What can we do to fix this?

4. Coloring the Periodic Table Families Get out your Periodic Tables!! 

5. Families on the Periodic Table • Elements on the periodic table can be grouped into families bases on their chemical properties. • Each family has a specific name to differentiate it from the other families in the periodic table. • Elements in each family react differently with other elements.

6. ALKALI METALS Group 1 • Hydrogen is not a member, it is a non-metal • 1 electron in the outer shell • Soft and silvery metals • Very reactive, esp. with water • Conduct electricity Image: http://www.learner.org/interactives/periodic/groups2.html

7. ALKALINE EARTH METALS Group 2 • 2 electrons in the outer shell • White and malleable • Reactive, but less than Alkali metals • Conduct electricity

8. Feb. 10, 2013 • Use your Periodic table to name these elements: • Group 14, Period 2 • Group 11, period 4 • Group 2, Period 2 • Group 17, Period 3 • Group 18, Period 1

9. A trick to remember • Friday we talked about reactivity and charges (HONC) • If that confused you maybe this will help • The elements on the periodic table have to add up to 18 to be stable (Use group numbers). • Group 18 is already stable  Doesn’t need or want anyone • Ex. NaCl= 1+17= 18  • H2O= 1+1+16= 18 

10. Today • Pop-quiz • Review Benchmark • Add to periodic table families. • Reminder: Quiz Friday on 10 need to know!! (You wrote these on Friday)

11. Pop Quiz • You will draw a number. That is the number you have to solve for. Solve for each number below and turn in with your slip and sheet. You may use a periodic table. • 1. Give me the Element Symbol • 2. Give me the Element Name • 3. Atomic Number • 4. Atomic Mass • 5. # of Protons • 6. # of Electrons • 7. # Neutrons

12. Review Benchmark • Scores on Board • Scores individually • Go over most missed first • Congrats: • 3 questions no one missed in our class • Only 3 questions were less than 70% of you got right • Mastery on ecosystems  • The school average was a 55% • The county average so far is a 56%

13. TRANSITION METALS Groups in the middle • Good conductors of heat and electricity. • Some are used for jewelry. • The transition metals are able to put up to 32 electrons in their second to last shell. • Can bond with many elements in a variety of shapes.

14. BORON FAMILY Group 3 • 3 electrons in the outer shell • Most are metals • Boron is a metalloid

15. CARBON FAMILY Group 4 • 4 electrons in the outer shell • Contains metals, metalloids, and a non-metal Carbon (C)

16. NITROGEN FAMILY Group 5 • 5 electrons in the outer shell • Can share electrons to form compounds • Contains metals, metalloids, and non-metals

17. OXYGEN FAMILY Group 6 • 6 electrons in the outer shell • Contains metals, metalloids, and non-metals • Reactive

18. Halogens Group 7 • 7 electrons in the outer shell • All are non-metals • Very reactive are often bonded with elements from Group 1

19. Noble Gases Group 8 • Exist as gases • Non-metals • 8 electrons in the outer shell = Full • Not reactive with other elements

20. Rare Earth Metals • Some are Radioactive • The rare earths are silver, silvery-white, or gray metals. • Conduct electricity