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Chapter 22 Illegal Drugs
Chapter 22 Lesson 1 The Health Risks of Drug Use
Vocabulary • Substance abuse- any unnecessary, improper use of chemical substances for nonmedical purposes • Illegal drugs- chemical substances that people of any age may not lawfully manufacture, possess, buy, or sell • Illicit drug use- the use or sale of any substance that is illegal or otherwise not permitted • Overdose- strong, sometimes fatal reaction to taking a large amount of a drug • Addiction- physiological or psychological dependence on a drug
Substance Abuse • Substance abuse includes the use of illegal substances, as well as, the misuse of legal substances • Medicines cure and prevent disease, but some people use it improperly • Substance abuse includes: overuse, multiple use of a drug, use of an illegal drug, or use of a drug with alcohol • Some abused substances are: illegal drugs and prescription drugs
Factors that Influence Teens • Teens are faced with many choices • Many factors influence the choice a teen makes about drug use • Some of these are: (pg 593) • Peer Pressure • Family Members • Role Models • Media Messages • Perceptions of drugs • Behavior • Misleading Information
How Drugs Affect Your Health • Unlike medicines, illegal drugs are not monitored for quality, purity, or strength • They don’t come with labels that list safety guidelines or suggested dosages • Drug abuse affects your: physical, mental/emotional, and social health • Physical health- a serious danger of drug abuse is: the risk of death and contracting diseases such as Hepatitis B and HIV • Mental/Emotional Health- drug use may impair a teen’s ability to reason and think; the influence of illegal drugs may cause teens to behave in ways that go against their values • Social Health- Teens who use drugs may lose friends, relationships with family members may suffer, legal consequences of drug use, crime, suicide, and unintentional injuries
Other Effects of Drug Use • Reactions can occur with a teen’s first drug use • Some of these reactions may result in death • The people who make illegal drugs may make a bad batch, because these are not regulated by the FDA • Some of these effects are: • Tolerance- this is a condition in which the body becomes accustomed to the drug • Psychological dependence- condition that develops over time and causes a person to believe that a drug is needed in order to function normally • Physiological dependence- a user develops a chemical need for a drug • Addiction- a physiological or psychological dependence on a drug • Trying a drug just once or using a drug only a few times can quickly lead to a serious cycle of addiction
Drugs take a Heavy Toll • In addition to the physical risks to a person’s health, substance abuse can damage all aspects of your life • Some people believe that drugs can help them escape from their problems • Drug use can cause problems for you, friends and family, others, and society
Consequences for the Individual • Teens who use illegal drugs may stop pursuing their interests and goals • Taking drugs may lead teens to engage in behaviors that can harm them • Drug use is also a leading factor in teen depression and suicide • Teens involved in drug use are more likely to be arrested • Teens who are convicted of a drug offense can be sent to jail • Teen drug use can also lead to increased violence, crime, and accidental death
Consequences for Friends & Family • When a teen abuses drugs, it affects everyone in their life • They lose interest in healthy activities • They may stop spending time with friends and family • Family members who feel responsible for their loved ones feel the burden of the emotional and financial costs of drug abuse • If a pregnant female takes drugs, those drugs are passed to the fetus • Because of this, the fetus may be born with: birth defects, behavioral problems, or even a drug addiction
Consequences for Society • People who abuse drugs cause harm to society • Illegal drugs result in a rise in crime and violence • DWI & DUI can result in injuries and deaths • Drug abuse affects our nations economy, costing over $180 billion per year (Pg 596) • The consequences of drug abuse are 100% preventable • Choose a Drug-Free lifestyle
Chapter 22 Lesson 2 Marijuana, Inhalants, and Steroids
Vocabulary • Marijuana- plant whose buds are usually smoked for their intoxicating effects • Paranoia- irrational suspiciousness or distrust of others • Inhalants- substances whose fumes are sniffed or inhaled to give effect • Anabolic/Androgenic Steroids- synthetic substances similar to male hormones
Marijuana • Using Marijuana has many serious consequences • Illegal drugs don’t come with warning labels that help you make smart decisions • This drug can be smoked or eaten in order to feel the effects • It is one of the most widely used illegal drugs • Marijuana is considered a mind-altering drug • Marijuana is also considered a gateway drug- may lead the user to try other, more dangerous drugs • Teens who smoke marijuana have an increased risk of using cocaine
Physical Consequences of Marijuana Use • Because this drug is often smoked, users face the same health risks as cigarette smokers • Marijuana smoke contains more cancer causing chemicals than cigarette smoke • Marijuana users often inhale unfiltered smoke, which can cause damage to the respiratory system • In males, marijuana lowers testosterone • In females, marijuana raises testosterone, changes hormone levels, and makes them infertile- can’t have children • Marijuana can also damage the immune system, making the user more susceptible to infections
Mental & Emotional Consequences • Marijuana raises levels of a brain chemical called Dopamine • This chemical produces a good feeling, causing you to feel “high” • When the drug wears off, you experience an abrupt “let down” called a crash • Marijuana users can experience slow mental reflexes, sudden feelings of anxiety and paranoia
Inhalants • Inhalants can cause death of brain cells • Some Inhalants are prescribed by doctors to treat allergies, asthma, and other medical conditions • Some dangerous substances are inhaled to achieve a “high”; these substances are poisonous and have dangerous fumes and are not intended to be inhaled • Inhalants depress the central nervous system • Immediate effects include: glassy stare, slurred speech, impaired judgement, nausea, coughing, nose bleeds, fatigue, and lack of coordination • Using Inhalants can lead to permanent loss of brain cells, liver and kidney damage, blindness, cardiac arrest, and death
Consequences of Steroid Use • Steroids may be prescribed for some medical conditions, but using steroids without medical supervision is dangerous • Steroid use can result in unnatural muscle growth • Ligaments and tendons do not receive the benefits of steroids,and can lead to injury • Side-effects include: weight gain, acne, high blood pressure, liver and kidney tumors, extreme mood swings, violent behavior, depression, and paranoia • Any non-medical use of steroids is illegal
Chapter 22 Lesson 3 Psychoactive Drugs
Vocabulary • Psychoactive drugs- chemicals that affect the central nervous system and alter activity in the brain • Designer drugs- synthetic drugs that are made to imitate the effects of other drugs • Hallucinogens- drugs that alter moods, thoughts, and sense perceptions including, vision, hearing, smell, and touch • Euphoria- a feeling of intense well-being or elation • Depressants- drugs that tend to slow the central nervous system • Stimulants- drugs that speed up the central nervous system • Opiates- drugs that derive from the opium plant that are obtainable only by prescription and are used to relieve pain
Chapter 22 Lesson 4 Living Drug-Free
Vocabulary • Drug-Free School Zones- areas designated by signs where if people are caught selling drugs receive especially severe penalties, usually 1,000-1,500 feet from the school • Drug watches- organized community efforts by neighborhood residents to patrol, monitor, report, and try to stop drug deals and drug abuse • Rehabilitation-the process of medical and psychologic treatment for physiological or psychological dependence on a drug or alcohol
Resisting Pressure to Use Drugs • Most teens never experiment with illegal drugs • By doing this, you protect your health and become a role model • Peer pressure can be intense during teen years • Almost 62% of high school students have never tried Marijuana • Always say NO! • Refusal skills- these are techniques you can use to say no to peer pressure
Healthy Alternatives • Choosing friends who value a drug-free lifestyle and participating in activities that do not involve drugs can help you avoid drug use • The following activities are just a few healthy alternatives to drug use: • Hobbies • Sports • Community activities • School Organizations
Drug Prevention Efforts • Schools and communities are working together to support students in their efforts to be drug-free • School Efforts: • Drug-free school zone • Giving drug education classes • Zero tolerance policies • Expulsion of students found using drugs • Locker searches and police patrol on campus
Drug Prevention Efforts (cont.) • Communities across the nation are taking action to prevent drug abuse • Community efforts: • Drug watches- organized in the community to watch out for drug related activity; these programs can be used to keep your community safe
Becoming Drug-Free • Many types of counseling are available for those who want to become drug-free • Drug abuse is a treatable condition • Rehab- the process of treating dependents on alcohol and other drugs • Most drug users need the help of family, friends, and counseling to end their addiction • Types of drug treatment centers include: • out-patient drug-free treatment- these programs do not include medication and use counseling • Short term treatment- includes residential, medication, and out-patient therapy • Maintenance therapy- intended for heroine addicts, this treatment usually includes medication therapy; • Therapeutic communities- these are residences for drug abusers that include a 6-12 month highly structured program
Chapter 22 Assessment • Pgs 618-620
