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Exploring Vowel Possibilities: A Comprehensive Overview

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Lecture A6 English Phonetics and Phonology

  2. Vowel possibilities! • In this lecture we will learn… • Vowel possibilities • Use this information to compare to consonant possibilities (A5)

  3. With consonants… • With consonants… distinct articulation of speech organs

  4. With vowels… • This is less clear… and complex in different ways. • For articulation… all vowels are approximants

  5. approximants… • All we can do is distinguish broadly if they the… • Front • Centre or • Back of tongue raised towards top of mouth

  6. Voicing? Energy? • With vowels… voicing and energy don’t really help us understand how to make vowel sounds. • Vowels are typically voiced… so can’t really contrast voiced/unvoiced… fortis/lenis

  7. So how… (can we understand????] • Acoustic information • But acoustic information takes a long time to study and requires lengthy scientific detail. • So how can we actually apply this to us?

  8. Physical variables • Combination of articulatory and auditory criteria

  9. Tongue shape

  10. Activity

  11. activity

  12. … the moving tongue…

  13. …tongue parts…

  14. So far… • Open and close • Front and back

  15. Cardinal vowels (Cv)

  16. Upper vowel limit

  17. Lower vowel limit

  18. Considering limits • We call this the vowel area. You will see three possible ways to draw the vowel area.

  19. Drawing vowels

  20. All together now!

  21. Lip Shape • Changing the shape of your lips will change the quality of vowel sounds. • Lip rounding… • 1) opens up space inside the mouth • 2) or closes up space inside the mouth • Try it!

  22. Unrounded / rounded

  23. Steady-state, diphthong

  24. Duration

  25. In other words… • Duration, like other parts of language study, should NOT be done in isolation. • Sentence stress > word stress • Reading books > memorizing list of vocab • Long listening exercise (like TOEFL) > short listening (like TOEIC) • Relationship of length in vowel sounds > length in vowel sounds alone

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