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Hydrocarbon Derivatives

Hydrocarbon Derivatives. Amines, Amides, & Amino Acids. Functional Group #8. Amines. Amines. Contain a N General Format: R NH 2 -NH 2 = amino group (Remember, N has a bonding capacity of 3.)

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Hydrocarbon Derivatives

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  1. Hydrocarbon Derivatives Amines, Amides, & Amino Acids

  2. Functional Group #8 Amines

  3. Amines • Contain a N • General Format: RNH2 • -NH2 = amino group (Remember, N has a bonding capacity of 3.) • Since molecules can contain H bonded to N, hydrogen bonding occurs, but it is weaker than hydrogen bonding in alcohols and carboxylic acids. • Amines smell really, really bad.

  4. Table R R’ • Shows format RNR” This is a 3 amine. • 1 amines: RNH • 2 amines: RNR’  H  H 

  5. Naming Amines • Find name of base hydrocarbon. • Drop final –e. • Add “-amine.” • If necessary, use a # in front of name to give location of amino group.

  6. H H H HCCNH H H  Ethanamine     H H H H HCCCNH H H H     1-propanamine   

  7. H H H N H HCCCH H H H <    2-propanamine    CH2CH2CH2 1,3-propanediamine   NH2 NH2

  8. NH2  NH2  CHCH2CH2CH 1,1,4,4-butanetetraamine  NH2  NH2

  9. Examples of amines • PABA • Caffeine • Novacain • B-vitamins • Preparation of dyes

  10. Functional Group #9 Amides

  11. Amides • Contain a carbonyl group, >C=O, & an amino group, NH2 group. • The amino group is bonded to the C of the carbonyl group. • Links amino acids together.

  12. Table R O R’ O • General Format: RCNH2 or RCNH • It’s like taking a carboxylic acid, RCOOH, and replacing the -OH with NH2. • RCO-NH2. In this case, no # is needed in name. Amide group is at end of molecule.  = =

  13. Naming Amides • Find the name of the alkane with the same # of C’s, drop the final –e, & replace it with –amide.

  14. H  O = HCCNH2 Ethanamide  H O = Propanamide CH3CH2CNH2

  15. Properties of Amides • Have strong hydrogen bonding, so high boiling points. • Simple amides are solids at room temp. • Smaller amides are very soluble in water.

  16. Functional Group #10 Amino Acids

  17. Amino Acids • Have to recognize them. • Contain a carboxyl group (-COOH). • Contain an amine group (-NH2). • Amino group is on the C next to the carboxyl group. • Don’t have to name them.

  18. NH2  AminoAcids alanine O = CH3CC  OH NH2  O glycine = CH2C  OH

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