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Early English Colonies and Jamestown

Early English Colonies and Jamestown. After the defeat of the Spanish Armada, England is ready to start colonizing the New World. Richard Hakluyt says:. We should colonize the New World because… It’s a source of raw materials We can increase trade We can build up a gold supply. Plus….

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Early English Colonies and Jamestown

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  1. Early English Colonies and Jamestown

  2. After the defeat of the Spanish Armada, England is ready to start colonizing the New World

  3. Richard Hakluyt says: • We should colonize the New World because… • It’s a source of raw materials • We can increase trade • We can build up a gold supply

  4. Plus… • We can convert the Indians to Christianity

  5. England is overcrowded, dirty, and dangerous • There are stories of gold mines in the New World

  6. The English colonists are off to a rough start

  7. The Roanoke Island colony • Named the colony “Virginia” after Queen Elizabeth • Started by Sir Walter Raleigh

  8. The colonists at Roanoke rely on the Native Americans for food • Their greed for land angers the Indians, and they cut off the food supply • The survivors return to England

  9. A year later, Raleigh tries again. • 1587, Roanoke, again

  10. Raleigh runs back to England for supplies and more colonists, when he comes back, the colony is deserted

  11. The word CRO is carved into a tree, and Croatan is carved into a door post

  12. Were they killed by Native Americans? • Did they leave to another island?

  13. Sagadoc colony • Most of the settlers were convicts • They fought wit the Indians, stole from them, and eventually were starved into returning to England

  14. The joint-stock company • Raleigh lost his own money in Roanoke • They come up with a new system • Joint stock companies are backed by people investing in a new project • Everyone gets a piece based on how much they put into the project

  15. King James of England wries a charter, or contract for two new joint stock companies

  16. 1607 - Virginia • Settlers arrive in Virginia to set up the first permanent English colony • Off to a bad start

  17. Diseases nearly wiped out Jamestown • They camped in a swamp • Spent their time looking for gold • The Indians also made things hot

  18. By the end of the first year, only 38 out of 100 colonists are still alive

  19. Enter John Smith • He gets the settlers focused on building shelters, growing food, and work • You don’t work, you don’t eat

  20. Pocahontas • She meets John Smith, and it’s love at first sight • She teaches him about tobacco

  21. Highly addictive • Never seen by Europeans before

  22. By the way, he’s in his late 30’s…

  23. Smith takes off to explore more of the New World, so Pocahontas hooks up with another guy, John Rolfe • Rolfe takes the secret of tobacco back to England • Tobacco allows Jamestown to survive, and grow

  24. Tobacco makes Jamestown and Virginia successful • Chesapeake bay becomes known as the tobacco coast

  25. The founding of Jamestown marks the beginning of the Colonial Period (1607-1776) • Virginia is the first English colony • By the beginning of the Revolutionary Era (1776), there will be 13

  26. Colonists want a piece of the profits from tobacco • Everybody gets 50 acres if they can pay to get to Virginia

  27. More labor is needed, so the rich folks come up with the idea of indentured servants • Poor people can come to America for free if they agree to work for someone for X amount of years

  28. Regular people want more freedom in the decisions of the colony • House of Burgesses – created in 1619; first representative assembly in the colonies

  29. More and more tobacco plantations are moving onto Indian land • The Indians strike back

  30. The Indians are attacking former indentured servants, poor people moving into Indian lands • Nathanial Bacon asks Governor William Berkeley to declare war on the Indians to take their land • Berkeley refuses

  31. Conflict with Native Americans, poor people with no land, and a governor with too much power leads to Bacons Rebellion in 1676.

  32. Bacon and his men take over the House of Burgesses and burns Jamestown in 1676 • Later, Bacon dies of disease, and the House of Burgesses passes laws to prevent a governor from becoming too powerful

  33. Chapter 3 section 2: The New England Colonies

  34. The Seperatists seek refuge • A. Seperatists or Pilgrims wanted to separate from the Church of England • They want a tougher church

  35. B. To escape persecution, they go to Leyden (Netherlands)

  36. After 12 years of hard work and poverty, Seperatists decide to go to the New World

  37. Jamestown was started for money, but the Pilgrims are coming for religious freedom

  38. The Pilgrims come over on their boat the Mayflower • They were headed for Virginia, but get blown off course

  39. They arrive in Massachusetts in 1620

  40. The Mayflower Compact • Before landing in America, the colonists were faced with the need to establish a government of their own • Everyone must obey the laws agreed upon for the good of the colony

  41. They Mayflower Compact, signed by 41 Pilgrims, agreed to consult each other about laws for the colony and promised to work together

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