Week 7 Nov 11/25-27 (Nov 25)

1. Week 7 Nov 11/25-27 (Nov 25) To Do Today *turn in acetone and lab activity + summary *complete Matter vs. Not Matter handout and discuss *Quiz on MSDS Homework: None Fact: The coldest state of matter — Bose-Einstein Condensate superfluid — defies gravity and instead of flowing down, it flows upward. It is a state of matter of a dilute gas of bosons cooled to temperatures very close to absolute zero Warm Up: On the MSDS diamonds what does red 4 mean and blue 3 mean? IS Learning Goal:

2. MSDS Quiz • 1. What does MSDS stand for? __________ • Draw the safety diamond and fill in what color belongs in which diamond shape. • 3. What does each color in the diamond represent? • A number _____ is the least serious and a • number _____ is the most serious. • 5. What does a red number 1 mean? • 6. What does a blue number 4 mean? • 7. What does a yellow 0 mean? • 8. What does W mean?

3. Week 7 Nov 11/25-27 (Nov 26) To Do Today Notes on Properties and States of Matter *page 25 of notebook Homework: None Fact: One inch (2.5cm) of rain is equal to 10 inches (25cm) of snow Warm Up: What do you remember about matter? Explain. IS Learning Goal:

4. Week 7 Nov 11/25-27 (Nov 26) • To Do Today • Organize notebook • Review puzzle • Complete any missing work Homework: Have a great couple days off. Then 2.5 weeks of school  Fact: Armadillos spend about 80% of their lives asleep . Warm Up: You have about 2 weeks of school left for the 1st semester. Are your grades where you want them? IS Learning Goal:

5. Page 25 Property & States of Matter

6. Objectives • Define chemistry • Define matter • Classifying pure substances as elements or compounds • Describe the characteristics of and element and compound • Distinguish pure substance from mixtures • Classify mixtures as solutions, suspensions, or colloids

7. Introduction to Chemistry • Definition: - study of matter and the changes it undergoes • Divided into five major areas: • Organic: study of essential all substances containing carbon • Inorganic: study of substances that do not contain carbon

8. Introduction to Chemistry Cont. • Analytical: study of the composition of substances • Physical: study of theories and experiments that describe the behavior of chemicals • Biochemistry: study of the chemistry of living organisms

9. Vocabulary Terms • 7. Physical Properties • viscosity • conductivity • malleable • hardness • melting point & boiling point • density • 8. Chemical Properties • flammability • reactivity • evidence of change • Matter • Element • Compound • Heterogeneous mixture • Homogenous mixture • Colloids

10. 1. Matter • Definition - anything that has mass or takes up space ex. everything

11. Pure Substances • Matter that always has the same composition ex. table salt, sugar, sulfur, - fixed, uniform composition: every sample of a given substance has the same properties - 2 categories - elements ex. H, O, Si, C - compounds ex. NaCl, KBr

12. Elements • a substance that can not be broken down into simpler substances - 119 elements - 88 are found naturally, about 90% - others are made in laboratories

13. Compounds • Definition - a substance made of atoms of more than one element bound together - unique and different from the elements it contains ex. Water: (H2O) liquid, clear, non toxic hydrogen & oxygen - gas, colorless - gas, colorless - non toxic - non toxic - voltile

14. Classifying Matter Cont. • Mixtures - combination of more than one pure substance ex. salsa, air, salad, pepper • Two types of mixtures -2. heterogeneous - 3. homogenous

15. 2. Heterogeneous mixture - not uniform in composition - different components can be seen as individual substances ex: Oj: juice & water, pulp • 2a. Suspension (Heterogeneous) - mixtures that separate into layers over time - suspended particles settle out of solution or are trapped by filter - larger particles can scatter light: will be cloudy ex. O.J., sand/water, muddy water

16. Classifying Matter Cont. • 3. Homogenous - substances are so evenly distributed that it is difficult to distinguish one substance from another -appears to contain only one substance ex. stainless steel: iron, nickel, chromium - 3 categories - solutions, and collides - based upon the size of the largest particles

17. Classifying Matter Cont. • Solutions (Homogenous) - mixtures that forms when substances dissolve and form a homogenous solution - particles are too small to settle, scatter light, or be trapped ex. salt water, windshield wiper fluid • 3a. Colloids (Homogeneous) - mixtures that contain some particles that are intermediate in size between the small particles in a solution and the larger particles in a suspension - donot separate into layers ex. homogenized milk vs. cow’s milk, fog

18. Properties of Matter • Two types of properties - chemical and physical • Which ones do you think are physical properties? Evolution of a gas: Color Change: Cutting: Chemical Chemical Physical

19. 4. Physical Properties of Matter • Definition - a characteristic of a substance that can be observed or measured withoutchanging the composition of the substance ex. viscosity, conductivity, malleability, melting point, boiling point

20. Physical Properties of Matter • 4a. Viscosity - the tendency of a liquid to keep from flowing - the greater the viscosity, the slower the liquid moves ex. oil vs. honey - 4b. Conductivity - materials ability to allow heat to flow ex. metal vs. wood

21. Physical Properties of Matter • 4c. Malleability - ability of a solid to be hammered without shattering ex. silver vs. glass • 4d. Hardness - can be compared by examining which object scratched ex. knife against copper sheet copper sheet will scratch http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohs_scale_of_mineral_hardness

22. Physical Properties of Matter • 4e. Melting/Boiling points - http://www.gcsescience.com/imeltcomplz.htm - Melting pt.: temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to liquid ex. ice cube at room temperature - Boiling Pt.: temperature at which a substance boils ex. water boils at 100o C • 4f. Density - the ratio of a materials mass to its volume - D= M/V

23. 5. Chemical Properties of Matter • Definition - any ability to produce a change in the composition of matter - can only be observed when the substances in a sample of matter are changing into a different substance • 5a. Flammability - material’s ability to burn in the presence of oxygen ex. newspaper, gasoline

24. Chemical Properties of Matter Cont. • 5b. Reactivity - http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=reactivity&view=detail&mid=A0EE426D8F77510A01DCA0EE426D8F77510A01DC&first=0 - describes how readily a substance combines chemically with other substances ex. iron turns to rust in the presence of oxygen

25. Chemical Changes Cont. • How do you know if a chemical changed occurred? - look for evidence • 5c. Evidence of a chemical change - the evolution of a gas - the formation of a precipitate - the evolution or absorption of heat - emission of light - color change in the reaction system

26. Chemical vs. Physical Change • How do you know if it’s a physical or chemical change? - can be very tricky, they will both change some of the substances attributes - a chemical change will produce a newsubstance ex. burning paper