SHAPE

1. 1 1 Property 7 SHAPE SHAPE Axi symmetric Plane Fully 3D

2. 2 Property 7 SHAPE Grass armchair to grow Curved piano to reach Curved blades for fuel efficiency Curved shelving to increase surface area Coiled garden hose to reach Designer toilet freshener to appear Cuved handle to grip

3. 3 Property 7 SHAPE Chewing gum container to fit (in cup holder) Cold corner rice bag to cool Curved nail file to glide Car copied from nature to glide Funny shaped medicine gadget for pleasant medication Self supporting stairs to stabilize Nested bowls to store Line egg to cut

4. 4 Property 7 SHAPE Aerodynamic helmet to glide Curved hook to hang Curved BBQ skewers to fit Tree coat hanger to copy Eye ball shaped camera to see Spiral fork to grip Curved wine thermometer to measure Suntan lotion bracelet to carry Paperclip to grip

5. 5 BENEFITS of SHAPE improve fuel economy reduce size of a system make it easier to carry Shape create optical illusion reduce operating range increase efficiency of useful effect improve interaction control reduce user effort improve aesthetic appearance improve flow distribution improve ability to see object increase system feedback increase motion possibilities make current shape linear add a new function or integrate another function improve structural strength increase hydraulic diameter make it easy to handle make stretchable change object shape improve manoeuvrability improve strength or weight properties reduce space requirement create the impression of reduced size improve ergonomics

6. 6 Property 7 SHAPE Shape Product • Curved hair-brush • Spiralgear (Nautilus) producescontinuousresistanceforweightlifting • Ball point and roller point pens forsmoothinkdistribution • Pizza-box withribbed (as opposedto flat) base • Spiralstaircaseusesless floor area • Black keyshigherthanwhitekeys on a piano tofacilitateease of locationwhenplaying • Paper clip worksbybeingdeflected out of plane • Electronic chips on both sides of a printed circuit board Process • Rotary actuators in hydraulic system • Screw-top versus push-in bottle stopper • Screw-thread versus nail • Usearchesanddomesforstrength inarchitecture • Introduce fillet radii betweensurfaces at different angles • Introduce stress relieving holes at the ends of slots • Usesphericalcastersinstead of cylindricalwheelsto move furniture • Push/pull versus rotary switches (e.g. lighting dimmer switch) • Centrifugal casting for even wallthicknessstructures • Spin components afterpaintingtoremoveexcesspaint • Replace wringing clothestoremove water with spinning clothesin a washing machine • Separate chemicalswith different densitypropertiesusing a centrifuge • Serrated or scallopededges on a knifeblade or hole punch • Application of fade or draw to the affect the trajectory of a golf ball • Paper edgesclipped or made bigger in order tofacilitateeaseof location of entries in anaddressbook, or for file dividers

7. 7 Property 7 SHAPE Shape Product • Pringles - aesthetically pleasing potato chips • Licorice spirals - compacts a long length of licorice into a small package • Pasta spirals - increase surface area and therefore sauce retaining area • Candy floss. • Articulated drinking straw • Spaghetti twists • Profiled bottom microwave container (e.g. shallower in the middle) improves ability to heat product evenly • Corrugated lasagne sheets • Crinkle-cut potato chips Process • ‘Stirred not shaken’ • Cook using spit- i.e. kebabs. • Insert ball into canned cream toimprove mixing when shaking • Use spiralled bread sticks- better retention of dip. • Lettuce spinner - uses centrifugal forces to dry leaves after washing • Eat spaghetti by wrapping it around a fork • Rotating ice-cream cone holder (US patent!) • Manipulation of air-flows to improve cooking yields. • Stacking tins, Double/triple layer sandwiches • Stack products horizontally to prevent damage - e.g. After Eight mints • Layered salads- gives the consumer the mix or keep separate.

8. 8 8 Opaque construction Transparent Partially transparent Property 8 TRANSPARENCY TRANSPARENCY

9. 9 Property 8 TRANSPARENCY Transparent pool table to track Transparent can to inspect Transparent vacuum container to inspect Transparent bag to inspect Transparent shower head to inspect Transparent concrete to appear Transparent chair to hide

10. 10 Property 8 TRANSPARENCY Transparent kayak to inspect Figurative transparency: Textured carton to see contents Transparent beer to appear Transparent roof to illuminate Transparent umbrella to identify Transparent toaster to detect

11. 11 Property 8 TRANSPARENCY Transparent blister patch to hide Transparent braces to appear VW Phaeton glass factory to observce IKEA: transparent facts and figures SPF umbrella to filter

12. 12 BENEFITS of TRANSPARENCY Increase natural illumination make it easier to inspect Transparency Improve aesthetic appearance Reduce fatigue effect improve detection Improve ability to see object make appearance more natural add more visual or conceptual contrast Improve ability to see object Increase figurative use Add new function Increase use of colour have a broader operating range Make it easier to inspect Add ability to make simple measurement improve UV blocking create an image of openness and honesty Reduce energy usage Increase privacy

13. 13 Property 8 TRANSPARENCY • Process • Light-sensitive glass • Use photolithography to changetransparent material to a solid mask for semiconductor processing • Clear packaging enables user to see contents • In order to improve observability of things that are difficult to see, use coloured additives or luminescent elements • Fluorescent safety markings help guide people out of a building after power failure • Use opposing colours to increase visibility - e.g. butchers use green decoration to make the red in meat look redder. • Selective colouring system??? E.g. only colour rat faeces or other foreign bodies??? • Change the emissivity properties of an object subject to radiant heating • Use emissivity of container to better control heating profile/rate • Variable opacity (electro-chromic) glazing systems • Products • Smoke-screen • Building facades • Automobile transparencies • See-through packaging • Viewing windows in ovens • Fire-glass • Cassette tapes • iMac • Glass-bottomed boat Transparency 1. introduction | 2. value | 3. resources | 4. nine windows | 5. analogy | 6. patents | 7. properties | 8.conflicts | 9. product dna | 10. appendix

14. 14 14 Property 9 COLOUR COLOUR Full spectrum use of colour No use of colour Binary use of colour

15. 15 Property 9 COLOUR Temperature indication to appear Colored bubbles to appear Colour changing t-shirt to appear Colour changing mug to appeal Colour changing radiator to warn Microsoft's multicolour bar code to detect Colour changing Handle to indicate

16. 16 Property 9 COLOUR Mug with colour codes to mix Camouflaged satellite dish to hide Food Face plate to appear Colour changing speedometer to warn Colour changing faucet to warn Safety baby bottle to protect

17. 17 Property 9 COLOUR Colourful bandages to appear Adhesives for joints glow to inspect Cigarette changes to black to warn Colour coded pill box to inform UV tattoo to appear Blue coloured diet sunglasses to repel Colour X-rays to diagnose

18. 18 BENEFITS of USE OF COLOUR Improve detection Increase security level Add ability to change colour automatically Improve aesthetic appearance No use of colour Add new function by using available resources Improve radiation heat management Add a warning indicator Increase user feedback Add ability to change colour automatically Binary use of colour Make it difficult to replicate or copy Improve ability to see object Incorporate identification marks or change indicators Improve ability to see object Full spectrum use of colour Eliminate interference with human interfaces Create the ability for more customization

19. 19 Property 9 COLOUR • Process • Use safe lights in a photographic darkroom • Use colour-changingthermalpainttomeasuretemperature • Thermochromic plastic spoon • Electrochromicglass • Light-sensitiveglasses • Camouflage • Temperature-sensitivedyesused on food product labels toindicatewhendesiredservingtemperature has been achieved • Dazzle camouflage used on World War 1 ships • Employinterferencefringes on surfacestructuresto change colour (as in butterfly wings, etc) Fluorescent additivesusedduring UV spectroscopy • UV marker pens usedto help identify stolen goods • Useopposingcolourstoincreasevisibility - e.g. butchersuse green decorationto make the red in meat look redder • Use of black andwhitecoloured panels to assist thermal management on spacevehicles • Use of parabolic reflectors in solar panels toincrease energy capture • Paint object with high emissivitypaint in order tobeabletomeasureit’stemperaturewith a calibratedthermalimager • Thermo-chromic product labelling - informs user when correct serving temperature has been attained • Packaging that changes colour when the products shelf-life has expired?? • Clear packaging enables user to see contents • In order to improve observability of things that are difficult to see, use coloured additives or luminescent elements • Fluorescent safety markings help guide people out of a building after power failure • Change the emissivity properties of an object subject to radiant heating • Use emissivity of container to better control heating profile/rate Colour