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This study investigates the underlying mechanisms of stress response in epithelial cells, focusing on key genetic players involved in the antimicrobial response and cellular stress adaptation in *Caenorhabditis elegans*. We examine the roles of genes like DAF-16, SMA-3, and their pathways, including the PIP3/AKT signaling axis, in the context of cellular resilience. The findings contribute to our understanding of how intestinal lumen bacteria interact with host responses, highlighting the intricate balance between stress management and immune function.
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? DAF-18 TRX-1 PDK-1 PIP-2, PIP3 AKT-1/AKT-2 Stress Response CTL-2 SOD-3 Antimicrobial Response LYS-7 SPP-1 CLK-1 Hypodermis TOL-1 INS-7 INS-1 Pseudocoelom DBL-1 A B C D DAF-2 SMA-6 DAF-4 Epithelial cell AGE-1 TIR-1 NSY-1 SMA-3 SMA-2 SMA-4 SEK-1 DAF-16 PMK-1 SMA-3 SMA-2 DAF-16 SMA-4 Antimicrobial Response PHM-2 LYS-1 Intestinal lumen Bacteria Pharynx Epithelial cell