US History Remediation

1. US History Remediation 2011

2. Federal Power • George Washington • Judiciary Act of 1790 • Whiskey Rebellion • John Adams • Alien and Sedition Acts • Midnight Judges • Marbury v. Madison (John Marshall) • Thomas Jefferson • Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions – Nullification • Louisiana Purchase

3. 2-Party System • Federalists – Alexander Hamilton • Powerful Federal government • Loose interpretation • Democratic-Republicans – Thomas Jefferson • Strong state government • Strict interpretation • Primary debate over the national bank • F – for it • DR – against it

4. People and Society • Extended voting right to every male – land not a requirement (still no women and minorities) • Expanded slavery in the south – Cotton Gin (Eli Whitney) • Second Great Awakening – religious revival and reformers • Dix – prisons/asylums; Mann – education; Susan B. Anthony (Seneca Falls Convention) – Suffrage • Temperance – banning alcohol; abolition – ending slavery (Quakers) • Hudson River School – Artists who specialize in landscapes

5. Foreign Affairs • England • Impressments • Embargo Act of 1807 – America stops trading with Europe • War Hawks – Congressmen who want War of 1812 – (Treaty of Ghent) • France • XYZ Affair

6. Treaties • Pinckney’s (1795) – Treaty with Spain over border with Florida • Adam-Onis (1819) – Gave America Florida from Spain • Jay’s – (1794) Gave America land in the Northwest (Ohio) from England • Ghent (1814) – Ended War of 1812

7. Spread of Slavery • Nat Turner – Led most violent slave revolt in US history • Missouri Compromise (1820) – Slavery allowed south of 36’30 • Compromise of 1850 – California free, fugitive slave act, popular sovereignty • Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) – PS in Kansas-Nebraska, Missouri Compromise ignored • Bleeding Kansas, John Brown, Harper’s Ferry • Dred Scott (1857) – Slaves are property and don’t have legal rights • Lincoln-Douglass Debates – Over popular sovereignty • Wilmot Proviso – Any territories gained from war with Mexico would be closed to slavery

8. Civil War and Reconstruction • Election of 1860 caused SC to secede • North – Union, South – Confederacy • Vicksburg – Battle that allowed the Union to capture the Mississippi River • Jim Crow Laws – Laws in the south designed to keep blacks from exercising civil rights • Poll taxes, literacy tests, grandfather clauses, segregation • Reconstruction ended with the Compromise of 1877

9. Indians and the West • Dawes Ac t- Private land for Indian families – Americanization/Assimilation • Homestead Act – 160 acres of free land to white families that would farm it • Barbed wire – closed off the West to free rangers

10. Imperialism • Cuba – America wanted sugar plantations there – Platt Amendment • Texas – Won independence from Mexic0 – America was hesitant to add them as a state to avoid angering Mexico • War with Spain – USS Maine sinks, yellow journalism • Rough Riders – Cavalry led by Roosevelt that fought in Cuba against Spain

11. Industrial Revolution • Growth of labor – more women and children working in factories

12. Gilded Age and Progressives • Muckrakers – Journalists who exposed corruption • Ida Tarbell – Standard Oil; Upton Sinclair – Meat Packing (The Jungle) • Corruption in politics (political machines/bosses) led to the Progressive Movement • Teddy Roosevelt – Pure Food and Drug Act • Trust-busting – broke up trusts that were harmful to America

13. 1920s • Fundamentalism – religious revivals • Scopes Trial – Teacher told to stop teaching evolution – challenged fundamentalism • Sacco and Vanzetti – example of Nativism and the Red Scare • Over speculation – led to the stock market crash of 1929

14. WWI and II • WWI – • Avoided submarines with the Convoy System • Ended with the Treaty of Versailles – blamed Germany for starting the war – War Guilt Clause • WWII • Island Hopping – Moving from island to island in the Pacific • Battle of Midway – turning point in the battle of the Pacific

15. Ford -> Carter -> Reagan • University of CA v. Bakke – reverse discrimination • Iran Hostage -Americans held hostage for more than a year • Energy Crisis – high fuel prices and gas lines • Three Mile Island – Near nuclear meltdown • Iran Contra Affair – Reagan interfered in Nicaraguan rebellion

16. Eisenhower -> Kennedy -> Johnson • Eisenhower – interstate system helped suburbs grow • Election of 1960 – Kennedy beats Nixon; first televised debates • Kennedy creates Peace Corps – volunteers sent to other countries • Sputnik – Russian satellite; led to NASA • Baby Boom -> Graying of America – Many older people need services such as healthcare and Social Security • Housing and Urban Development – established by Johnson

17. Bush -> Clinton -> Bush • Persian Gulf War – Iraq invaded Kuwait – US backed Kuwait • Clinton passed NAFTA (free trade) and Brady Bill (limit handguns) • Bosnia - • 2000 election – decided by the Supreme Court • Patriot Act – Passed after 9-11

18. Amendments • 13th- abolish slavery everywhere • 14th- citizenship for all born in US (including ex-slaves) • 15th – voting rights • 16th – income tax • 17th – direct election of senators • 18th – prohibition • 21st – repealed prohibition

19. Other Terms • Jim Crow • Persian Gulf War – Iraq invasion of Kuwait • Clinton – NAFTA and Brady Bill • Patriot Act • Convoy System – WWI and II • Battle of Midway • Fundamentalism challenged by Scopes Trial – evolution • Housing and Urban Development – Johnson • Texas Annexation • Sputnik • “Graying of America” • Island Hopping • Treaty of Versailles • Nullification Crisis • Growth of Labor during the IR • Government corruption leads to Progressive movement • Pure Food and Drug by Teddy R. • Plessey v. Ferguson • Eisenhower’s Interstate System made suburbs grow • 17th Amendment • Election of 1960 • Marshall Plan • Social Darwinism • Involvement with Cuba

20. Other Terms 2 • Second Great Awakening: Reform Movements • Quakers: Abolitionism • Wilmot Proviso: Mexican Cesssion. • Sectionalism/Adding Territory (TX): Extension of slavery. • Reform Movements: Temperance, Abolition, etc. • Spain & USS Maine • Rough Riders • Ida Tarbell: Standard Oil • Upton Sinclair: Meatpacking (The Jungle) • T. Roosevelt: Trustbusting • Sacco & Venzetti: Nativism/Red Scare • Overspeculation: Stock Market Crash • Kennedy & Peace Corp. • Carter (Iran Hostage Crisis, Energy Crisis, Three Mile Island) • Nixon • Reagan: Iran Contra • Camp David Accords: Israel & Egypt • Bosnia & NATO • 2000 Election: Supreme Court • University of CA vs Bakke: Reverse Discrimination • NAFTA: Economic policy