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This lecture delves into the fascinating evolution of vertebrates, highlighting key features such as bones, fins, gills, and jaws. It introduces early craniates, which include jawless fishes and ostracoderms, leading to the emergence of jawed craniates. The evolution of jaw structures as hinged, bony feeding mechanisms is explained, along with discussions on the surviving jawless fishes, hagfishes and lampreys, and the earliest jawed fishes known as placoderms. Gain insight into the evolutionary milestones that shaped vertebrate diversity.
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Features of vertebrates • Bones (vertebrae) • Have fins • Gills • Jaws
Early craniates • Craniates are animals with cranium • E.g. fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. • Jawless fishes & ostracoderms evolved. • Then jawed craniates evolved. • Jaws – hinged, bony feeding structures. • Hagfishes & lampreys – the only surviving jawless fishes. • Placoderms - earliest jawed fishes.