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Ball-And-Stick “Lab”

Ball-And-Stick “Lab” (Really just an activity, not a true lab, but it goes into your lab grade because it’s cooperative and involves manipulating something three-dimensional, not just the usual pencil & paper). Ppt init 10/22/2014 by Daniel R. Barnes based on a lab I’d been doing for years .

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Ball-And-Stick “Lab”

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  1. Ball-And-Stick “Lab” (Really just an activity, not a true lab, but it goes into your lab grade because it’s cooperative and involves manipulating something three-dimensional, not just the usual pencil & paper) Ppt init 10/22/2014 by Daniel R. Barnes based on a lab I’d been doing for years. NOTE: As with all my presentations, this one may contain images and other intellectual property that was stolen from the Internet without permission of the owners. Do not copy, distribute, or store this presentation. It is meant to be viewed only by Mr. Barnes’ students, and then only during the year that they have him as a teacher. The very existence of this presentation may be illegal. I’m not a lawyer, so I’m not sure. I just know there’s a job I gotta do, with urgency.

  2. WARNING: There have been some recent revisions to this “lab” activity that have not been reflected in this power point. Specifically, which molecules are done, and in what sequence, has changed. Please be aware that some molecules do not have treatments here and that others are numbered incorrectly.

  3. Very common atom 1 hydrogen small 30 pm coal, charcoal, soot, burned food 4 carbon 77 pm med 6 oxygen med 66 pm Blood, rust, fire 5 nitrogen med 70 pm Air/sky

  4. Very common atom 1 hydrogen small 30 pm Coal, charcoal, soot 4 carbon med 77 pm 6 oxygen med 66 pm Blood, rust, fire 5 nitrogen med 70 pm Air/sky

  5. NOTE: Mr. Barnes re-configured this lab after running it in the fall of 2015. This ppt will need to be re-engineered a bit to accommodate the changes made.

  6. SOME RULES: 1. Take turns being the one with the materials (whiteboard, dry erase marker, balls, and toothpicks). New chemical, new person. 2. Only the person whose turn it is can touch the materials. 3. Everyone else is encouraged to communicate ideas to that person, but remember that only the person who is “up” can actually touch the materials. 4. (No benchwarmers. No ballhogs.) 5. Leave the cap on the pen and don’t doodle with it. 6. You can work ahead on your notebook paper, but whatever is on the whiteboard needs to end up on everyone’s papers when it’s approved.

  7. Step-by-Step “Hot Dog” Structure for Nitrogen Gas Nitrogen gas = N2 This molecule is made of two nitrogen atoms. At first, I draw the atoms far apart, as though they haven’t bonded yet. N N Nitrogen is in group 5A on the periodic table  5 valence electrons per atom  5 dots per atom Nitrogen wants a full valence shell = an “octet” of eight electrons  3 bonds are needed, represented by loops (“hot dogs”) 5 original e- + 3 e- gained by bonding = 8 valence e- = “octet”

  8. Step-by-Step “Hot Dog” Structure for Methane Methane = CH4 SLIDE UNDER CONSTRUCTION This molecule is made of one carbon atom and four hydrogen atoms. There’s only one carbon, so it goes in the middle.

  9. tetrahedral

  10. No matter how a caltrop lands on the ground, there’s always a spike pointing straight up. Caltrops are nasty against horses, or, for that matter, just about anything big enough to step on it or roll over it. Ouch. CALTROP

  11. 4.a. f.

  12. 5.a. f.

  13. The valence shells in both methane and water have a tetrahedral shape, but the name of a molecular shape is chosen based solely on the positions of the atoms, not including non-bonding valence shell electron pairs. Therefore, water is considered to be “bent triatomic” rather than tetrahedral. Secretly, the tetrahedron is hiding in there.

  14. If you pop some hydrogens on the ends of those non-bonding pair toothpicks, you can turn H2O into H3O+ or, maybe H4O2+, but there are controversies about the existence of those two species, especially the latter. The link below takes you to a spirited, almost rude argument about these species. It’s so technical it’s probably good for chem teachers only. http://www.scienceforums.net/topic/67272-when-water-can-form-an-h30-ion-why-cant-it-form-an-h4o2-ion/

  15. H H H H H C H H H N O N N H H H H H H H H H H H C C C C O C O O H H H H H H H H C C C C H H C C H H H H

  16. 12. 13. 14. 15.

  17. OLD STUFF JUNKYARD AFTER THIS SLIDE. PLEASE IGNORE!

  18. 3.a. f.

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