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Brain-Computer Interface - BrainGate Chip

Hillary Grimes III Homework 6 COMP 4640. Brain-Computer Interface - BrainGate Chip. Brain-Computer Interface (BCI). BCI – direct communication pathway between a brain or brain cell culture and a device (computer) One way BCIs information passes from brain to computer or computer to brain

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Brain-Computer Interface - BrainGate Chip

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  1. Hillary Grimes III Homework 6 COMP 4640 Brain-Computer Interface - BrainGate Chip

  2. Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) • BCI – direct communication pathway between a brain or brain cell culture and a device (computer) • One way BCIs • information passes from brain to computer or computer to brain • Two way BCIs • information is exchanged between brain and computer

  3. Invasive BCI • Invasive BCI – the chip is implanted directly into the grey matter of the brain • produces the highest quality signals but are prone to scar tissue buildup • Scar tissue causes the signal to become weaker and even lost as the body reacts to a foreign object

  4. BrainGate Chip • Chip implant system developed by Cyberkinetics in 2003 • Designed to help those who have lost control of their limbs or other bodily functions

  5. BrainGate Chip • Monitors brain activity in the patient and converts the intention of the user into computer commands • This can be used to control a robot arm or a cursor on a screen

  6. BrainGate Chip • 100 hair thin electrodes to sense the electro-magnetic signature of neurons firing in specific areas of the brain

  7. BrainGate Chip • Chip is implanted on the surface of the brain in the motor cortex area, the area that controls movement

  8. BrainGate Chip • Monitored signature is translated into electrically charged signals • Signals are then sent and decoded using a program to move cursor, robot arm, etc.

  9. BrainGate Chip • Only a few people have been implanted so far during clinical trials • One is Matthew Nagle, a quadriplegic paralyzed from the neck down • The device was implanted in 2004 over the portion of the motor cortex that controled his left hand and arm

  10. Matthew Nagle • Using the BrainGate system, Matt could control a cursor on a computer screen • Control TV • Check e-mail • Draw on screen • He could also send commands to an external prosthetic hand • Open • Close

  11. BrainGate Chip • “I can't put it into words. It's just—I use my brain. I just thought it. I said, "Cursor go up to the top right." And it did, and now I can control it all over the screen. It will give me a sense of independence.” • Matt Nagle

  12. BrainGate Chip • In the next two years, Cyberkinetics hopes to refine the chip to develop a wireless version • No need for a plug • Safer • Less visible http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NIG47YgndP8

  13. THANK YOU

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