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Mastering X86 Assembly: Introduction to Information Security Course Guidelines

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Welcome to the Introduction to Information Security course! Led by Dr. Eran Tromer and Prof. Avishai Wool, this course will challenge you with engaging exercises focused on X86 Assembly. Expect a steep learning curve; we encourage you to leverage Google as your friend, along with direct support from instructors. Exercises must be submitted weekly, with a focus on practical applications within a VirtualBox environment. Download exercises and find all necessary resources on our course website. Join us as we delve into X86 assembly operations and structure with a hands-on approach!

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Mastering X86 Assembly: Introduction to Information Security Course Guidelines

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  1. Introduction to Information Security מרצים: Dr. EranTromer: tromer@cs.tau.ac.il Prof. Avishai Wool: yash@eng.tau.ac.il מתרגלים: ItamarGilad (itamargi@post.tau.ac.il) Nir Krakowski (nirkrako@post.tau.ac.il)

  2. Course Guidlines • The course exercises aren’t easy! • You will have to learn and do a lot. • Google is your friend, but so are we! • Best 75% of exercises will be used to calculate the average exercise grade. • Exercises are to be submitted the week after the recitation • Ask questions!!! • Download exercises from website https://course.cs.tau.ac.il/infosec14/exercises • Fill out the course questionnaire!

  3. Instructors • Nir and I will be instructing the course together • We’ve added an extra recitation: 17:00-18:00 • Reception hour: • Right after the final recitation (18:00-19:00) if possible • Best: Schedule an appointment by email • General note: Please keep in mind that the lectures and recitations will often not match. This is by design, not a mistake.

  4. Recitation #0 • Subjects: • X86 Assembly • Course IT Framework

  5. X86 assembly • Instruction – A sentence (verb + noun / nouns) • Opcode – what you want to do -verb • Operand – what do you want to operate on (source) or with (dest) – nouns

  6. Opcode Types • Data operations (i.e.: MOV, XOR, ADD, SUB, INC, DEC, SHL, SHR, TEST, CMP) • Unconditional control flow (branching) operations (i.e.: JMP, CALL, RET) • Flag based conditional control flow operations (i.e.: JZ, JNE, JNZ, JBE, JG) • Stack operations (i.e.: POP, PUSH, PUSHA, POPA) • And many (many…) more!

  7. Operand Types • Registers • Constants • Memory addresses • Pointers • Flags

  8. Command structure • Command structure (no operand): • Opcode • Example: NOP • Example: RET • Command structure (single operand): • Opcode operand • Example: INT 0x3 • Example: JMP [memory address] • Example: POP [register]

  9. Command structure • Command structure (dual operand): • Opcode dest-operand source-operand • Example: MOV EAX, 0 • Example: SAR EBX, 2 • Example: MOV ECX, [EBX] • Note: there are limitations (i.e.: cannot use two memory based operands) • Cheat Sheet: https://www.ssucet.org/mod/resource/view.php?id=886 • Google: x86 assembly cheat sheet

  10. Extra - Common Register Uses • EAX, EBX, ECX, EDX… - Generic registers • EIP – Instruction pointer (next instruction to be executed) • ESP – Stack pointer • EBP – Frame pointer • ESI – Source index • EDI – Destination index • EAX – function return value • ECX – this pointer (in C++)

  11. Course IT Framework • VirtualBox VM file, with Ubuntu 12.04.2 LTS • Username: ‘student’ • Password: ‘do or do not there is no try’ • Change the password with the command: passwd • Wine: IDA, Hexworkshop • Python • vi, gedit, ghex, hexedit • To get more tools: • sudo apt-get install [toolname] • sudo pip install [pythonmodulename] • Google for more tools • All exercises will be provided to work within the VM Framework. • Most exercises will not work on a standard machine.

  12. VM Demo

  13. This week’s exercise • VM setup • (Very) simple x86 Assembly exercises • It isn’t hard – but please start early and contact us if you have any trouble with the setup • Make sure to follow the exercise submission guidelines!

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