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Ammonium Removal by Nitrifying Bacteria Biofilm on Limestone and Bioball Substrate Established in Freshwater Trickling B

Ammonium, regarded as a major nitrogen pollutant in aquaculture, can be removed by biofilm formation in a biofilter. This research aimed to study ammonium removal on two kinds of substrates: limestone and bioball. Experiments were conducted through three consecutive steps: (1) Biofilter component set up (a trickling filter and substrate) of four groups; limestone substrate (LC), bioball substrate (BC), limestone substrate with nitrifying bacteria (LT) and bioball substrate with nitrifying bacteria (BT); (2) Monitoring biofilters performance for 15 days, where at day-0, 50 ppm ammonium was added into each system and at day-5 the ammonium level in all systems were adjusted to 70 ppm; (3) Enumeration of microbiome making up biofilm during biofilter conditioning period.

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