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Camosun College GEOS 250

Introduction to Mineralogy Dr. Tark Hamilton Chapter 18: Crystal Chemistry of Rock Forming Silicates. Camosun College GEOS 250. 92% of Continental & Ocean Crust is made of silicate minerals. >95% of the Upper Mantle is Olivine, Pyroxenes Plagioclase and Garnet with traces of Spinel.

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The Rock Cycle

The Rock Cycle. Metamorphosed Sedimentary Rock. Formation of new minerals. Recrystallization/deformation. Recrystallization. Recrystallization. Limestone under microscope. Marble under microscope. 5 mm. 5 mm. Differential stress and the development of Slate. Slate and Slaty cleavage.

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Metamorphism

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The IUGS has proposed the following definition of metamorphism:

Metamorphism. The IUGS has proposed the following definition of metamorphism:

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Mineral reactions and equilibria

Paragenesis: mineral assemblages that are in equilibrium Paragenesis found through experimental studies. Criteria for evaluating equilibrium: Absence of known incompatibles: hematite and graphite, ol and Qtz All phases are in mutual contact No evidence of replacement

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Metamorphism of Pelites

Metamorphism of Pelites. IN THIS LECTURE Types of Protoliths Examples of Metamorphism Orogenic Metamorphism of the Scottish Highlands Barrovian vs Buchan Style Metamorphism Regional Metamorphism Otago New Zealand Contact Metamorphism of Pelitic Rocks. Types of Protolith.

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Metamorphic Facies and Mineral Assemblages

Metamorphic Facies and Mineral Assemblages. Contact and Regional Metamorphism. Metamorphic Grade. One of the primary goals of metamorphic petrology is to interpret P-T conditions under which a rock (or set of rocks) formed Metamorphic grade

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The Limits of Metamorphism

The Limits of Metamorphism. Low-temperature limit grades into diagenesis The boundary is somewhat arbitrary Diagenetic/weathering processes are indistinguishable from metamorphic Metamorphism begins in the range of 100-150 o C for the more unstable types of protolith

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Metamorphism of Pelites

Metamorphism of Pelites. IN THIS LECTURE Types of Protoliths Examples of Metamorphism Orogenic Metamorphism of the Scottish Highlands Barrovian vs Buchan Style Metamorphism Regional Metamorphism Otago New Zealand Contact Metamorphism of Pelitic Rocks. Types of Protolith.

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Soil/ Organic Matter

Aluminum Cycle. References. Acid Rain. Parent Material Al-silicates Nonsilicates feldspar gibbsite (Al(OH) 3 mica variscite AlPO 4 * 2H 2 O kaolines basaluminite. Al/Mining Industry. Plant Available Al Al 3+ AlOH 2+ Al(OH) 2 +

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Pelitic Schists: Fun with AFM Diagrams

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