'C ch3' diaporamas de présentation

6.17 Mechanism of Halogen Addition to Alkenes: Halonium Ions

6.17 Mechanism of Halogen Addition to Alkenes: Halonium Ions. Mechanism is electrophilic addition. Br 2 is not polar, but it is polarizable two steps involved (1) formation of bromonium ion (2) nucleophilic attack on bromonium ion by bromide. Relative Rates. Bromination.

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WARM UP

WARM UP. Copy (question and answers) and answer! Types of organic compounds include Lipids Nucleic Acids Carbohydrates All of the above. Organic Chemistry. I. Organic compounds. Contain carbon atom(s) and usually come from living things. Exception - CO 2 and CO. II. The HONC rule.

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a) Reduction Catalytic hydrogenation (Section 11.4) Birch reduction (Section 11.11) b) Electrophilic aromatic substitu

1. Reactions involving the ring. a) Reduction Catalytic hydrogenation (Section 11.4) Birch reduction (Section 11.11) b) Electrophilic aromatic substitution (Chapter 12) c) Nucleophilic aromatic substitution (Chapter 23). 2. The ring as a substituent (Sections 11.12-11.17).

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Basic Chemistry V

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Chapter 16 Ethers, Epoxides, and Sulfides

Chapter 16 Ethers, Epoxides, and Sulfides. 16.1 Nomenclature of Ethers, Epoxides, and Sulfides. CH 3 O CH 2 CH 3. CH 3 CH 2 O CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 Cl. methoxy ethane. 1-chloro-3- ethoxy propane. CH 3 CH 2 O CH 2 CH 3. ethoxy ethane. Substitutive IUPAC Names of Ethers.

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Terminology

O. CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH. Terminology. The reference atom is the carbonyl carbon. Other carbons are designated a , b , g , etc. on the basis of their position with respect to the carbonyl carbon. Hydrogens take the same Greek letter as the carbon to which they are attached. g. b. a. H.

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13.20 Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-VIS) Spectroscopy

13.20 Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-VIS) Spectroscopy. Gives information about conjugated p electron systems. Transitions between electron energy states. gaps between electron energy levels are greater than those between vibrational levels gap corresponds to wavelengths between 200 and 800 nm.

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Conditions / Reagents

Reaction of carbonyls with hydrogen cyanide (H + CN - ) to form hydroxynitriles. Conditions / Reagents . NaCN (aq). and H 2 SO 4 (aq). supplies H +. supplies the CN -. Room temperature and pressure. Nucleophilic Addition Mechanism. C N. ?-. O. ?+. O. H. O. C. CH 3. C. CN.

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