'Transition state' diaporamas de présentation

Reactions of Alkenes

Reactions of Alkenes. Chapter 6. 6.1 Characteristic Reactions, Table 6-1. The reaction typical of alkenes is addition. Characteristic Reactions, Table 6-1. 6.2 Reaction Mechanisms. A reaction mechanism describes how a reaction occurs:

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Substitution and Elimination

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Chapter 14

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Chapter 14 Chemical Kinetics

Chapter 14 Chemical Kinetics. CHEM 160 September 13, 2006. Factors that Affect Reaction Rates. Kinetics is the study of how fast chemical reactions occur. There are 4 important factors which affect rates of reactions: reactant concentration, temperature, action of catalysts, and

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Chemistry 232

Chemistry 232. Chemical Kinetics. Chemical Kinetics. Chemical kinetics - speed or rate at which a reaction occurs How are rates of reactions affected by Reactant concentration? Temperature? Reactant states? Catalysts?. The Instantaneous Reaction Rate. Consider the following reaction

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Nucleophilic Substitution and b -elimination

Nucleophilic Substitution and b -elimination. Substitution Process. Nucleophiles have a pair of electrons which are used to form a bond to the electrophile. A Leaving Group departs making room for the incoming nucleophile.

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3 Determination of Mechanism

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Reaction mechanisms

Reaction mechanisms. Ionic Reactions. Ionic Reactions. Ionic Reactions. Ionic Reactions. Bond Polarity. Partial charges. Nucleophiles and Electrophiles. Leaving Groups. Radical Reactions. Type of Reactions. Nucleophilic reactions: nucleophilic substitution (S N ).

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WELCOME TO MODERN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

WELCOME TO MODERN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY. Organic Chemistry , 5 th Edition L. G. Wade, Jr. Chapter 4 The Study of Chemical Reactions. WHAT IS A REACTION MECHANISM . A DESCRIPTION OF STRUCTURES AN ENERGIES OF STARTING MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS OF A REACTION AS WELL AS ANY REACTION INTERMEDIATES.

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Alkenes

Alkenes. C n H 2n. Alkenes. contain carbon - carbon double bonds. called unsaturated hydrocarbons also known as olefins ( oleum , latin, oil; facere , latin, make) C n H 2n C n H 2n + H 2 ? C n H 2n+2 - one degree of unsaturation. Degree of unsaturation.

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Figure 28-1 The biosynthetic origins of purine ring atoms.

Page 1069. Figure 28-1 The biosynthetic origins of purine ring atoms. Page 1071. Figure 28-2 The metabolic pathway for the de novo biosynthesis of IMP. Page 1072. Figure 28-3 The proposed mechanism of formylglycinamide ribotide (FGAM) synthetase. Page 1074.

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Chapter 13 Lecture 1

Chapter 13 Lecture 1. Enzymes--Kinetics and Specificity. Three key enzyme characteristics. Catalytic Power Rate enhancements as much as 10 15 to 10 17 Kinetic control over thermodynamic potentiality Specificity

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Asymmetric Synthesis

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ENZYMES

ENZYMES. Medical Biochemistry, Lecture 23. Lecture 23, Outline. Definition of enzyme terms and nomenclature Description of general properties of enzymes Binding energy and transition states Catalytic mechanisms and functional groups In book, Chapters 8,10; Ignore pp 78-80

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FOMFIS

FOMFIS Fo rest Fire M anagement and Fi re Prevention S ystem D. Kallidromitou Managing Director Epsilon International SA Monemvasias 27, 151 25 Marousi Athens-Greece e-mail: epsilon@hol.gr PARTNERS IBERINSA Coordinator ES EPSILON Contractor GR SOFTWARE AG Contractor IT

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Reactions of Alkenes. Chapter 4

Reactions of Alkenes. Chapter 4. Contents of Chapter 4. Electrophilic Addition Reactions Carbocations Various Addition Reactions. Mechanism for Electrophilic Addition to Alkenes. Reaction of 2-butene with hydrogen bromide is typical of electrophilic addition to alkenes

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Ch. 4: Alcohols and Alkyl Halides

Ch. 4: Alcohols and Alkyl Halides. alcohol alkyl halide (X= F, Cl, Br, I). 4.1: Functional Groups - >11 million organic compounds which are classified into families according to structure and reactivity.

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Chapter 15 Enzymatic Catalysis

Chapter 15 Enzymatic Catalysis. Read Chapter 15: Sections 1 & 3 (pp. 496-507, 515-528). Active site of a serine protease. Types of Catalysis. Types of catalytic mechanisms that enzymes employ:. Acid-base catalysis Covalent catalysis Metal ion catalysis Electrostatic catalysis

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CEM 888: Molecular Modeling: Applications for Experimentalists

CEM 888: Molecular Modeling: Applications for Experimentalists What can theory do for the practicing chemist? What do we wish it could do? A brief progress report with examples on the performance and practical utility of theoretical tools for non-theoreticians The Evolving Roles of Theory

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