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ECEN 619-600 “Internet Protocols and Modeling”

ECEN 619-600 “Internet Protocols and Modeling”. Course Materials: Papers, Reference Texts: Bertsekas/Gallager, Stuber, Stallings, etc Grading (Tentative): HW: 20%, Projects: 40%, Exam-1:20%, Exam-II:20% Lecture notes and Paper Reading Lists: available on-line: TBA

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ECEN 619-600 “Internet Protocols and Modeling”

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  1. ECEN 619-600 “Internet Protocols and Modeling” Course Materials: Papers, Reference Texts: Bertsekas/Gallager, Stuber, Stallings, etc Grading (Tentative): HW: 20%, Projects: 40%, Exam-1:20%, Exam-II:20% Lecture notes and Paper Reading Lists: available on-line: TBA Class Website: http://ece.tamu.edu/~xizhang/ECEN619/start.php Research Interests and Projects: URL:http://ece.tamu.edu/~xizhang Instructor: Professor Xi Zhang E-mail: xizhang@ece.tamu.edu Office: WERC 331 ECEN 619, Internet Protocols & Modeling

  2. TCP Closed-loop flow control and “Self-Clocking” Principle-1 ECEN 619, Internet Protocols & Modeling

  3. TCP Closed-loop flow control and “Self-Clocking” Principle-2 • Sender sends packets back-to-back to receiver • The vertical line is bandwidth • The horizontal line is time • Each of shaded box is a packet • Bandwidth * Time = Bits, and so the area of each box is the packet size. • The number of bits doesn‘t change as a packet goes through the network so a packet squeezed into the smaller long-haul bandwidth must spread out in time. ECEN 619, Internet Protocols & Modeling

  4. TCP Closed-loop flow control and “Self-Clocking” Principle-3 • The time Pb represents the minimum packet spacing on the slowest link in the path (the bottleneck). • As the packets leave the bottleneck for the destination net, nothing changes the inter packet interval so on the receiver’s net packet spacing Pr = Pb. • If the receiver processing time is the same for all packets, the spacing between ACKs on the receiver’s net Ar = Pr = Pb. ECEN 619, Internet Protocols & Modeling

  5. TCP Closed-loop flow control and “Self-Clocking” Principle • If the time slot Pb was big enough for a packet, it’s big enough for an ACK so the ACK spacing is preserved along the return path. Thus the ACK spacing on the sender’s net As= Pb. • So, if packets after the first burst are sent only in response to an ACK, the sender’s packet spacing will be exactly match the packet time on the slowest link in the path –> “Self-Clocking” is achieved. ECEN 619, Internet Protocols & Modeling

  6. Two versions of TCP Protocols • TCP-tahoe (Jacobson, 1988) • Time-out based protocol - use timeout to detect packet loss and congestions • TCP-reno (Jacobson, 1990) • Triple-ACK and time-out based - Use triple-duplicate ACK to same sequence number and timeouts to detect packet loss and congestions • Use fast retransmissions and fast recovery • Skip Slow Start phase ECEN 619, Internet Protocols & Modeling

  7. TCP-tahoe Protocol ECEN 619, Internet Protocols & Modeling

  8. TCP-reno Protocol ECEN 619, Internet Protocols & Modeling

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  20. TCP protocol control variable • Bandwidth: m in packets/sec, • Service time: 1/m • Round Trip Time (RTT): T sec • Buffer size: B in packets • Path pipeline capacity: Wpipe = m*T+B+1 ECEN 619, Internet Protocols & Modeling

  21. TCP/IP Layers: 5-Layer Protocol Model • 1) Physical layer • 2) Network access layer • 3) Internet layer • 4) Host-to-host, or transport layer • 5) Application layer ECEN 619, Internet Protocols & Modeling

  22. TCP/IP Physical Layer • Covers the physical interface between a data transmission device and atransmission medium or network • Physical layer specifies: • Characteristics of the transmission medium • The nature of the signals • The data rate • Other related matters ECEN 619, Internet Protocols & Modeling

  23. TCP/IP Network Access Layer • Concerned with the exchange of data between an end system and the network to which it's attached • Software used depends on type of network • Circuit switching • Packet switching (e.g., X.25) • LANs (e.g., Ethernet) • Others ECEN 619, Internet Protocols & Modeling

  24. TCP/IP Internet Layer • Uses internet protocol (IP) • Provides routing functions to allow data to traverse multiple interconnected networks • Implemented in end systems and routers ECEN 619, Internet Protocols & Modeling

  25. TCP/IP Host-to-Host, or Transport Layer • Commonly uses transmission control protocol (TCP) • Provides reliability during data exchange • Completeness • Order ECEN 619, Internet Protocols & Modeling

  26. TCP/IP Application Layer • Logic supports user applications • Uses separate modules that are peculiar to each different type of application ECEN 619, Internet Protocols & Modeling

  27. Protocol Data Units (PDUs) ECEN 619, Internet Protocols & Modeling

  28. TCP Header Format ECEN 619, Internet Protocols & Modeling

  29. IP Header Format-1: IPv4 Header ECEN 619, Internet Protocols & Modeling

  30. IP Header Format-2: IPv6 Header (Newer Version since 1995) ECEN 619, Internet Protocols & Modeling

  31. Common TCP/IP Applications • Simple mail transfer protocol (SMTP) • Provides a basic electronic mail facility • File Transfer Protocol (FTP) • Allows files to be sent from one system to another • TELNET • Provides a remote logon capability ECEN 619, Internet Protocols & Modeling

  32. Service Access Point (SAP) under TCP/IP Concepts ECEN 619, Internet Protocols & Modeling

  33. Internetworking Terms • Communication network – facility that provides a data transfer service among devices attached to the network • Internet – collection of communication networks, interconnected by bridges/routers • Intranet – internet used by an organization for internal purposes • Provides key Internet applications • Can exist as an isolated, self-contained internet ECEN 619, Internet Protocols & Modeling

  34. Internetworking Terms • End System (ES) – device used to support end-user applications or services • Intermediate System (IS) – device used to connect two networks • Bridge – an IS used to connect two LANs that use similar LAN protocols • Router - an IS used to connect two networks that may or may not be similar (such as WAN and LAN) ECEN 619, Internet Protocols & Modeling

  35. Functions of a Router • Provide a link between networks • Provide for the routing and delivery of data between processes on end systems attached to different networks • Provide these functions in such a way as not to require modifications of the networking architecture of any of the attached sub-networks ECEN 619, Internet Protocols & Modeling

  36. An Example of Router Applications ECEN 619, Internet Protocols & Modeling

  37. Network Differences Routers Must Accommodate • Addressing schemes • Different schemes for assigning addresses • Maximum packet sizes • Different maximum packet sizes requires segmentation • Interfaces • Differing hardware and software interfaces • Reliability • Network may provide unreliable service ECEN 619, Internet Protocols & Modeling

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