Greek Vocabulary 8

1. Greek Vocabulary 8 Roots, definitions, synonyms, antonyms, sentences, and related words

2. monochromatic • chrom/o, chromat/o, chros, -chrome – • color; pigment; chromium • monochromatic – • adj. pertaining to a photograph, painting, or drawing done in various shades of a single color • adv. monochromatically n. monochrome • Synonyms: monochrome, monochromic, solid • Antonyms: chromatic, colorful, kaleidoscopic, motley, multicolored, polychromatic, polychrome, rainbow, varicolored, varied, variegated

3. monochromatic • The monochromatic decoration of the living room made the space highly relaxing and soothing. • By painting landscapes in a monochromatic style, the artist draws attention to the shapes and textures of the scenery instead of focusing on the vibrant colors often found in art.

4. monochromatic Related words: • achromatic • chrome • chromium • chromosome • polychromatic • genome gen(e) + (chromos)ome

5. decrypt • crypt/o – • secret; hidden • decrypt – • v. to translate secret code into understandable language (encrypt is the reverse) • v. decrypts, -ed, -ing n. decryption • Synonyms: break, crack, decipher, decode • Antonyms: cipher, code, encipher, encode, encrypt

6. decrypt • In order to decrypt the spy’s message, the sequence of numbers had to be matched up with the correct corresponding letters. • Bilingual Native Americans were important to many very successful secret codes as they encrypted and decrypted military communications by using their native language as the key, a key the enemy had no clue how to breach.

7. decrypt Related words: • Apocrypha • crypt • cryptic • cryptogram • cryptography • encrypt

8. megalith • lith/o – • stone; rock • megalith – • n. a large stone used in prehistoric monuments or architecture • adj. megalithic

9. megalith • With their large size and stone structure, megaliths have inspired curiosity and reverence and have been studied by many noted scholars. • Megalithic structures have often been found to mark burial sites or serve as the doorway to an ancient grave.

10. megalith Related words: • Eolithic • lithography • lithosphere • Mesolithic • monolith • Neolithic

11. mesosphere • meso – • Middle • mesosphere – • n. an atmospheric zone, 30-50 miles above the earth • adj. mesospheric

12. mesosphere • The mesosphere is the middle layer of the earth’s atmosphere. • The mesosphere contains the highest clouds in the earth’s atmosphere, noctilucent clouds, only seen in the far north or far south when the sun is below the horizon.

13. mesosphere Related words: • Mesolithic • mesomorphic • mesopause • Mesopotamia • mesothelium • Mesozoic

14. necrosis • necro – • dead; death • necrosis – • n. the death or decay of localized cells due to disease or injury • pl. n. necroses adj. necrotic tr. v. necrotize, -d, -s, -ing

15. necrosis • Necrosis can be one of the effects of severe frostbite, and the only spider in the U. S. that can cause necrosis is the brown recluse spider. • Necrosis is the result of localized, irreversible cellular damage; necrotic tissue must often be removed through debridement.

16. necrosis Related words: • necrology • necromancy • necrophobia • necropolis • necropsy (autopsy)

17. oligarchy • olig/o – • few; deficiency • oligarchy – • n. government by a few rulers • pl. n. oligarchies adj. oligarchic, oligarchical

18. oligarchy • Some people believe that our country has become an oligarchy because it seems those with vast amounts of money are able to get what they want from the government. • Unlike a plutocracy, which is rule strictly by the rich, an oligarchic government can be run by a small group of people who are in power as a privileged group but not necessarily of great wealth.

19. oligarchy Related words: • oligopoly – the market condition in which there are so few sellers that the actions of any one of them can impact prices • oligophageous – feeding on a limited variety of food

20. Paleolithic • pale/o – • ancient • Paleolithic – • adj. pertaining to the second period of the Stone Age, beginning with the use of crudely chipped stone tools

21. Paleolithic • Paleolithic art tells the stories of the lives and trials of the people of the era. • People lived as hunter-gatherers in groups and began using stone tools during the Paleolithic era.

22. Paleolithic Related words: • paleoanthropology • paleobotany • paleontology • Paleozoic • paleozoology

23. pediatrician • ped/o – • child • pediatrician – • n. a doctor who specializes in the diseases and disorders of children • n. pediatrics FYI ped, pedi, -pede – foot (Latin)

24. pediatrician • Most pediatricians love children and have devoted their lives to learning about their specific illnesses and caring for them. • In order to heal children and become a pediatrician, one will most likely need eight years of medical training and three to five years of residency.

25. pediatrician Related words: • orthopedics • pedagogy • pediatrics • pedophile

26. phosphorescence • phor, phore – • to bear; to produce; to carry; state • phosphorescence – • n. the property of a substance emitting light • adj. phosphorescent adv. phosphorescently

27. phosphorescence • Many minerals, plants and animals have natural phosphorescence which we have only recently begun to utilize. • Studies of naturally phosphorescent plants and animals led to the discovery of radiation and the invention of glow-in-the-dark paint.

28. phosphorescence Related words: • amphora • anaphora • chromatophore • euphoria • metaphor • phosphorus • pyrophoric

29. tetrapod • pod, pode – • foot; feet • tetrapod – • n. any vertebrate with four limbs (ex. dogs, birds, amphibians) • adj. having four feet, legs, or leg-like appendages

30. tetrapod • My dog, Chester, was a tetrapod because he had four limbs, but birds are also tetrapods because their wings count as limbs. • Although the first tetrapods were aquatic, reptiles, amphibians, mammals, and birds are all considered tetrapods because they are all four-limbed vertebrates.

31. tetrapod Related words: • amphipod • arthropod • cephalopod • decapod • gastropod • hexapod • podiatry • podium • tripod

32. prognosticate • pro – • before; forward; in place of • prognosticate - • v. to predict using current knowledge • v. prognosticates, -ed, -ing n. prognosticator adj. prognosticative n. prognostication • Synonyms: augur, call, forecast, predict, presage, foretell, prophesy

33. prognosticate • Political analysts attempt to prognosticate in order to predict the outcome of presidential elections. • By discussing the student’s habits and study patterns, it was easy to prognosticate success and encourage the student to keep working for his goals.

34. prognosticate Related words: • improvise, procrastinate, proclivity • pro bono, proceed, proclaim • procure, prodigal, profess • profuse, progenitor, propitious • proficient, profound, progenitor • progeny, prognosis, projectile

35. pyromaniac • pyr/o – • fire; heat; fever • pyromaniac – • n. one who has an irresistible urge to start fires • n. pyromaniac adj. pyromaniacal

36. pyromaniac • John, a pyromaniac, set fire to his own home without thinking of the consequences. • In many movies about serial pyromaniacs, it seems that a fireman always turns out to be the firebug who enjoyed starting the very fires he ended up putting out. Ironic, huh?

37. pyromaniac Related words: • antipyretic • hyperpyrexia • pyre • pyretic • pyrite • pyroclastic • pyrotechnics

38. Root Review 1 • pyr/o – • fire; heat; fever • crypt/o – • secret; hidden • lith/o – • stone; rock • meso – • middle • necro – • dead; death • olig/o – • few; deficiency • pale/o – • ancient

39. Root Review 2 • ped/o – • child • phor, phore – • to bear; to produce; to carry; state • pod, pode – • foot; feet • chrom/o, chromat/o, chros, -chrome – • color; pigment; chromium • macro – • large; long • mega, megal/o, -megaly – • large; great; million • micro – • small • pro – • before; forward; in place of; in addition to

40. Root Review 3 • alg/o – • pain • dyn, • dynamo – power; energy; strength • ecto – • outside • endo – • inside • iso – • equal; same • epi – • on; upon; outside; over; among; at; after; to • hyp, hypo – • under; below; less • hyper – • above; excessive; beyond; over • iatry, iatro – • healing; medical treatment

41. Root Review 4 • gen, -gene, -genesis – • race; kind; origin • acro – • high; extremity; tip • aero – • air • neo – • new, recent • gnos, gnom, gnomon – • knowledge • helio – • sun • phot/o – • light • pseudo – • false • cryo – • cold • therm – • heat; temperature • cosm/o – • universe; world • peri – • around

42. Root Review 5 • ambi, amphi – • both; on both sides; around • anti – • against; instead of, opposite • anthrop – • man; human • arch, archi, arche/o, archae/o – • rule; chief; first; ancient • cata – • down; completely; thoroughly; against; intensive; according to • chrono – • time • esthes, esthet, aesthes, aesthet – • feeling; sensation • -oid – • like; resembling • –latry – • worship

43. Root Review 6 • phon – • sound; voice • tele – • distant; end; complete • scope – • to view; examine; observe • a, an – • not; without • auto – • self; same poly – many hex, hexa – six di, diplo – two, double penta, pent – five

44. Root Review 7 • phon – • sound; voice • tele – • distant; end; complete • scope – • to view; examine; observe • a, an – • not; without • auto – • self; same • mis – Greek • to hate • path, pathy – • disease; feeling • –ics – • science; study of; skill; knowledge • morph/o – • form • dia – • through; apart; across

45. Root Review 8 • gam/o, -gamy, gameto – • marriage, united, sexual union • dem/o, demi – • people • soph, sophy – • wise; wisdom • geo – • earth hect, hector – hundred bi, bin – two; twice (Latin) log/o – word; discourse; doctrine tetra – four octa, oct, octo – eight

46. Root Review 9 • syn, sym, syl, sys – • together; same • biblio – • book • mono, mon – • one; single; alone • –cracy, crat – • government; rule; power • the, theo – • God • nom/, nomy – • law; rule; management • dys – • bad; difficult; abnormal; impaired • pan, panto – • all, every

47. Root Review 10 • dont, odont – • tooth; teeth • ortho – • straight; correct • dox – • belief, praise • gyn, gynec – • woman; female • andr/o – • man; male; stamen • apo – • away; from; off; separate • astro, aster – • star • derma, dermat/o – • skin • morph/o – • form

48. Root Review 11 • hemi – • half • hepta, hept – • seven • kilo – • thousand • prot, proto – • first; primitive, chief • cycl/o – • circle; wheel • onym – • name; word • –ology, -logy – • study of • –phobia – • fear of • bio – • life; living things