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Human factor in protection of energy infrastructure

Human factor in protection of energy infrastructure. Ivan Bene s M ember Board of experts, Czech BCSD /WBCSD Vice-chairman of Czech National Committee for Disaster reduction

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Human factor in protection of energy infrastructure

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  1. Human factor in protection of energy infrastructure Ivan Benes Member Board of experts, Czech BCSD/WBCSD Vice-chairman of Czech National Committee for Disaster reduction Bratislava Energy Charter Forum “Securing Energy Supply – How to better protect energy networks from disruptions”, 10th October 2014

  2. Two thirds of the world's population will live in cities by 2030 Question: Why should we protect energy networks fromdisruptions? Answer: Why not, if the community can collapse within 5 days? To be or not to be (prepared)?

  3. City should be a place where people can meet their needs also during the crisisSmart solution can reduce the risk Human safety approach Basic needs to survive Human needs by Maslow

  4. Priority of needs according resilience of human body IRS – Integrated Rescue Services Need for: Critical time: Infrastructure: Electricity Information Fuel, transport • breathing • warmth • water • food • wellness • well-being • entertainment • minutes • hours • days • weeks • months • years Basic needs to survive IRS It needs continuity Lesser needs Intermittent supply is tolerable

  5. Human settlements has changed To open metropolises From medieval citadels … Closed, self-sufficient, capable survive the siege Open, unable survive long-lasting cut-off from infrastructure City can be hurt by infrastructurefailure (caused by extreme weather, attack... Resistance? Dependency? Complexity? Vulnerability? We live permanently 5 days before state of emergency! Blackout of the Capital = threat for the state integrity

  6. Lack of water, food, energy leads to social unrestNatural disasters could be intensified by critical system failure Critical system failure Natural disasters Source: 2011 World Economic Forum

  7. Our Achilles heel: Energy & Water & Food security is sword of Damocles over our cities Coincidence of weaknesses Climate Change & Disasters Intentional attack Energy, Water, Food Maslow's hierarchy of needs Due to interdependency we couldn’t ensure basic human needs without electricity In present we can do almost everything, without electricity we can do almost nothing

  8. Various disasters bring us to various problems Loss of stability, … hours - days Destruction of lines … days - weeks Destruction of transformers weeks - months

  9. Consequence classification for „Blackout“ situation Blackout ČR Blackout Praha Pramen: Projekt VITA, PASR, SINTEF

  10. Vulnerability of society during short-term disaster (< 24 hours) Fast recovery regardless of economic damages T < 24 hours Blackouts: USA 2003, Italy 2003, …

  11. Experience from vulnerability of society by long-term disaster (> 5 days) Formation of militia Social unrest & plunder gangs T > 5 days Experience: New Orleans (Katrina 2005), Haiti and Chile (earthquake 2010),…

  12. Czech approach to Resilient City: preservation of basic needs in all cases Critical infrastructure resiliency Fast recovery regardless of economic damages T > 5 days

  13. Key issue is interoperability between utility and municipal crisis planning Priorities SCADA ~ Resilient Power Project(RESPO) Crisis plan Transmission grid interoperability Available output Prioritization Dispatching Site generation ~ Distribution grid Local plant ~ District heat smart meter Demand side management Functions: Islanding on the distribution level and crisis demand side management + black startLocal distribution grid operates like insulated island system Inessentialconsumption necessary

  14. Continuity at lest on minimal service levelchanges blackout to grey-out Recovery Level of operation Service continuity Alert response Preparedness / prevention 100 % INCIDENT Gray-out Impact mitigation Minimal service level Short cut of recovery time RESPO Time Blackout

  15. Prague example: analysis of power demand to cover vital functions (Pmax=1200MW) Average load of CI 300 MW Prague islanding project Remain for citizens and other consumers city centre subway tramways railways airport tunnels energy hospitals telecommunication water banking governance

  16. Preventionstrategiesagainstblackout(ASEK, MTI CR, August 2014) "To promote and develop the energy supply in the local (island) subsystems in the event of the collapse of the system necessary to emergency supply the population and sustain the functionality of critical infrastructure.„ "To promote and develop energy resilience and ability of distribution system to ensure a minimum level of electricity supply necessary for population and critical infrastructure in the form of island operations in large agglomerations."

  17. Contact Ivan Benes Member Board of experts, Czech BCSD/WBCSD Vice-chairman of Czech NationalCommittee for Disaster Reduction phone: +420 603 261 470 e-mail: benes.energy@gmail.com

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