What We Will Cover

1. Developing an Effective Oral Health CoalitionbySean Isaac, MPH, BSWFlorida Department of HealthPublic Health Dental Program Community Water Fluoridation

2. What We Will Cover • What are coalitions? • Structure • Membership • Effective Coalitions • An Example of Coalition Building

3. Why Oral Health Coalitions? • Oral Health is not seen as important to total health • When focusing on general health, oral health often gets lost • Needs oral health advocates that understand systemic connections • Messages that frame oral health must be salient and consistent - based upon evidence

4. The Spirit of the CoalitionBill Berkowitz, PhD and Tom Wolf, PhDPublisherAmerican Public Health Association Website address: http://www.apha.org

5. National Focus on Coalitions to Improve Oral Health • Federal Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention • Association of State and Territorial Dental Directors (ASTDD) • American Association of Community Dental Programs • Oral Health America • Oral Health Florida

6. Bill Berkowitz, PhD Department of Psychology University of Massachusetts Lowell • 15 years creating, leading and consulting community coalitions statewide and nationally Tom Wolf, PhDDirector of Community DevelopmentUniversity of Massachusetts Medical School

7. What are Coalitions? • definition: a group involving multiple sectors of the community, coming together to address community needs and solve community problems • benefits: cost little, time commitments can be modest, little expertise is required yet can accomplish a lot

8. Concerns About American Community Life • Participation in local organizations and activities is low – declining for generations. • Social connections are weak in communities and are not valued • Social alienation levels are at all time high while trust is at all time low • Familiar social problems – poverty, violence, and others are higher • Public and Private dollars are scarce

9. Coalitions Can ProvideCommunity Structure • Poll: 63% believe that people would be willing to pitch in to fix community problems, if they knew how • The structures for organizing and mobilizing community resources are generally not in place

10. “Every living person has some gift or capacity of value to others. A strong community is a place that recognizes those gifts and ensures that they are given “–Kretzmann - McKnight

11. Coalitions as a Unifying Structure • Reduce the fragmentation among services • Reduce unnecessary service duplication • Improve coordination of existing services • Monitor and evaluate service quality • Assess the need for new services • Raise public awareness of service needs • Advocate for services • Generate fiscal and personnel resources to bring services to life

12. Coalition Building • There is an evolving technology of coalition building that can be learned and applied. (in book) • Spirit - conviction, engagement wholeheartedness, passion • A coalition, its leaders and community must be sparked by the same spirit that sparks you when you are at your best

13. Coalitions Influenced by Social Policy • Reduced reliance on federal spending is putting pressure on states and communities to increase local self –sufficiency. “ In a purely economic since, coalitions are a good hedge against bad economic times.”

14. Lessons From the Field • “ Everyone at the table has a responsibility to make sure the expertise of every individual there is brought to the table and laid out.”

15. Key Issues Coalitions Face • Recruiting • Structuring • Meeting • Leading • Publicizing • Funding • Advocating • Sustaining

16. Coalitions Have Many Structures – National, Statewide, Local • Oral Health Florida structure • informal • broad-based • inclusive • multiple workgroups • several local community coalitions

17. Engaging Citizens • Learn about citizens’ groups and associations • Develop contacts and relationships with these groups • Keep on the lookout for potential new recruits • Make personal contacts with prospective citizen members • Suggest giving the coalition a try (small steps) • Provide an incentive • Offer a range of ways people can help • Start with where you are and make something happen with what you’ve got.

18. Coalition Structure Why is structure important? • Conflict • Peaks and troughs • Distractions

19. Coalition Structure Four reasons for structure: • Guidelines for uncertainty/disagreement • Meaning/Identity for regularity/order • Continuity and Forward Motion • Supports goals of coalition

20. Coalition Membership • “…Membership is the core of it all. We really do need to keep bringing in new people, or else we’re dead. Membership is the glue that keeps it all together.” • Members give strength in numbers • Members increase productivity • Members increase visibility • Members become empowered

21. Coalition Membership • Diversity and Inclusiveness • Often requires ingenuity and extra effort

22. Building Citizen Participation • Meet at convenient times/locations • Allow for informal interaction • Let group share goals/expectations/feelings • Make sure citizens have an equal voice • Hire agency staff from within the community • Allow time for trust to develop

23. Giving Up • Encourage free expression of diverse opinions • Move from “mine” and “theirs” to “ours” • Provide specific procedures and clear ground rules • Believe in your own members’ abilities • Accept that mistakes may occur • Consider that disagreements may be healthy

24. Trust the Coalition to Chart Its Own Best Coarse “I am most successful when I leave my ego at the door. When I bring my own agendas to the meeting, then I become the center instead of the issue becoming the center.”

25. Giving Up Territory • Take account of history and past territorial factors • Acknowledge territorial concerns may exist • Understand current territorial definitions • Respect members’ self-interest and their need to hold on to some ‘territory” of their own • Find ways to cooperate that don’t involve territory • Be gentle, persistent, and patient around these issues • Keep coalition members focused on greater good rather than established positions

26. Taking Meaningful Action • Clarify the overall goals of the coalition • Create a plan with clear objectives, action and timelines • Move on from planning to action and change • Give advance notice of decisions to be made (e.g. on coalition agendas) • Follow-up on decisions with actions • Discuss difficulties in decision making and taking action • Avoid getting caught in information sharing as purpose

27. “Community Action is the coalition’s currency. If the coalition fails to act it will soon be out of funds.”

28. Exert Your Leadership • Leadership must represent the full coalition • Clarify work expectations with coalition members • Make sure some responsibility is part of membership expectation • Delegate responsibility within agreed-upon limits • Follow-up on responsibilities delegated • Leadership training for prospective new leaders

29. Balance Your Life • Find time for community amid life • What works for you personally • Lead a healthy lifestyle with time for rest and vacations • Keep interests beyond the coalition • Find supportive people you can talk to when needed

30. Keep the Flame Alive • We now think of coalitions as lasting longer • Plan future directions together • Take time to build good relationships • Find the right pace for change • Groom new leadership • Take on winnable activities • Reward members for accomplishments • Build in celebration and fun times

31. Keeping the Faith • Keeping the Faith • “a strong conviction –and we would call it a spiritual conviction- that proper frame of mind, combined with proper action, will bring you to your destination.” “Faith in the coalition and its success is essential”