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TM. The EPEC-O Project Education in Palliative and End-of-life Care - Oncology. The EPEC ™ -O Curriculum is produced by the EPEC TM Project with major funding provided by NCI, with supplemental funding provided by the Lance Armstrong Foundation.
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TM The EPEC-O Project Education in Palliative and End-of-life Care - Oncology The EPEC™-O Curriculum is produced by the EPECTM Project with major funding provided by NCI, with supplemental funding provided by the Lance Armstrong Foundation.
EPEC - Oncology Education in Palliative and End-of-life Care - Oncology Plenary 2 Models of Comprehensive Care
Main message • Funding and service delivery systems must be in place to provide palliative care as a reliable component of comprehensive cancer care.
Objectives • Understand that comprehensive cancer care includes palliative care from the day of diagnosis • Define hospice and palliative care and relate their history • Describe funding and service delivery models for providing comprehensive cancer care • Understand when palliative care services are appropriate for cancer patients
Comprehensive cancer care • Gaps in contemporary cancer care • Approaches to relief of suffering • Piloted with hospice programs • More widely applied through palliative care programs • Now being integrated into comprehensive cancer care
Hospice • Historical evolution • Medicare Hospice Benefit • 40% of dying cancer patients referred • Median enrollment 22 days • 37% of patients die within 7 days
Hospice in the US today • A place • An organization or program • An approach to or philosophy of care • A system of reimbursement
Hospice care • Safe and comfortable dying • Self-determined life closure • Effective grieving
Levels of care • Routine care • General inpatient care • Continuous care • Respite care
Core services • Interdisciplinary care • Chaplaincy, nursing, medical social services, counseling, volunteers • Primary care physician • Palliative care physician (consultation) • Bereavement counseling • Medical equipment, supplies • Medications and therapies related to the terminal diagnosis
Palliative care • Therapies to relieve suffering and improve quality of life • May be combined with therapies aimed at remitting or curing cancer, or it may be the total focus of care
WHO 2002 definition of palliative care "Palliative care is an approach which improves quality of life of patients and their families facing life-threatening illness, through the prevention and relief of suffering by means of early identification and impeccable assessment and treatment of pain and other problems, physical, psychosocial and spiritual."
Primary Secondary Tertiary Delivering palliative care
Comprehensive cancer care • Anticancer therapy • Supportive care • End-of-life care • Bereavement care
Home SNF Consultation Services Inpatient Care Outpatient Office Clinical (secondary) palliative care
Case examples • Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda • Memorial Sloan-Kettering, NYC • Dana-Farber Cancer Center, Boston • Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia • MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
Development as a specialty • Curricula • Certification exams • Journals • Textbooks • Fellowship training • Formal recognition as a subspecialty
Funding and service delivery systems must be in place to provide palliative care as a reliable component of comprehensive cancer care. Summary