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Overview of Neascus spp. ( Diplostomatidae )

Overview of Neascus spp. ( Diplostomatidae ). Paul Schiller. Background. Neascus is a digenean trematode that most often infects centrarchid , & cyprinid fish species, some salmonids as juveniles ( FW ) Parasite has three stages (egg, larvae, & adult)

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Overview of Neascus spp. ( Diplostomatidae )

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  1. Overview of Neascus spp. (Diplostomatidae) Paul Schiller

  2. Background • Neascus is a digeneantrematode that most often infects centrarchid, & cyprinid fish species, some salmonidsas juveniles (FW) • Parasite has three stages (egg, larvae, & adult) • Also known as black spot disease • Wide distribution-N.America

  3. Hosts Neascus spp. has complex life cycle that begins as an egg immersed in water • Forms juvenile larvae that uses gastropodamolluscs as a host (miracidium) • Fish are intermediate host (metacercariae) • Piscivorous birds become infected Cycle begins again after infected bird feces reach water

  4. Life Cycle Final host

  5. Impacts on fish • Larval form “burrows” into the skin and tissue. • Often not harmful to fish, except when fluke is in high densities, or near vital organs • Immune response creates the cyst that forms around invading fluke Neascus cyst on skin Encysted metacercariae

  6. Impacts cont. • Sportfishing industry prefers “natural fish” • License sales • Shallow, warmer, eutrophic water bodies more susceptible to infestation

  7. Management • Preventing introduction to water sources • Early hatchery operations enclosed • Baitfish industry and spread of minnows • Most current research into more dangerous metacercarciae

  8. Potential Risk • Not harmful to humans if not cooked properly • Can be harmful to gastrointestinal tract if not cooked • Spread of live fish and carcasses is vector for disease spread • Wild adult fish are adaptable, and may be a cryptic advantage

  9. Literature cited • Zimmermann, M., & Ingold, D. J. (2008). Parasite loads in three sunfish species (Lepomis sp.) on reclaimed mine ponds in Southeastern Ohio. Ohio Journal of Science, 108(1), A-22 • Dechiar, Alex (2011). Parasites of fish from Lake of the Woods, Ontario. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 1972, 29(3): 275-283, 10.1139/f72-046

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