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Advancements in Geodetic VLBI Facilities in Western Australia

The introduction of a new VLBI site in Yarragadee, Western Australia, aims to enhance geodetic measurements and support remote real-time operations. This facility is projected to operate a 20-25 meter dish, significantly increasing observational sessions compared to existing installations like Hobart and Parkes. Moreover, the new setup promises improvements in scheduling flexibility, measurement precision, and collaboration with astronomers. Ultimately, this initiative will strengthen the International Celestial Reference Frame (ICRF) and provide essential data for studies on geophysical phenomena.

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Advancements in Geodetic VLBI Facilities in Western Australia

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  1. Australian Government Geoscience Australia New geodetic VLBI dish in WA 03/000

  2. Existing VLBI facilities • Hobart (26 m) ~ 50 sessions/y - UTAS • Parkes (64 m) ~ 1-3 sessions/y - ATNF • Tidbinbilla (34 m) ~ 2-3 sessions/y - NASA Geoscience Australia 07 July 2005

  3. Problems • All dishes are operated by external agencies • No link between VLBI and SLR provided • Unsufficient geographic position • High elevation limits (Parkes): correlation between height and wet delay • General weakness of the ICRF in the southern hemisphere – uncertainty in VLBI and GPS heights for Hobart ~ 1 cm! • Design deterioration (Hobart) – low slewing speed, hydrogen maser instability, shape deformations, etc. Geoscience Australia 07 July 2005

  4. Key problem – slewing speed Mount [deg/min] [deg/min] ------------------------------------------------------- Hobart XYEW 40 20 HartRAO HADC 24 22 Kokee AZEL 120 120 ------------------------------------------------------- Geoscience Australia 07 July 2005

  5. Simulation Goddard Space Flight Center (NASA) Typical network: 6 dishes in Northern hemisphere + addition Geoscience Australia 07 July 2005

  6. Simulation Geoscience Australia 07 July 2005

  7. Simulation results Model sXp sYp sUT1 sNut1 sNut2 chi-sq Num (mas) (mas) (ms) (mas) (mas) ____________________________________________________________________ 6 st 0.118 0.098 0.0041 0.233 0.082 2.02 3290 6 st + Hartrao 0.101 0.061 0.0042 0.168 0.060 1.65 3179 46 deg/min 6 st + Hobart 0.081 0.069 0.0034 0.156 0.061 1.66 3442 60 6 st + Yarra 0.048 0.038 0.0027 0.112 0.047 1.65 4289 240 6 st + Y&Hart 0.045 0.031 0.0025 0.102 0.041 1.63 4494 6 st + Y&Hob 0.044 0.036 0.0026 0.101 0.043 1.59 4571 Geoscience Australia 07 July 2005

  8. Solution • New VLBI site in WA (Yarragadee) • Next generation radiotelescope to support remote unmanned real time VLBI operation • Diameter ~20-25 meter - Cost: 21-meter dish was ~3.1 Mill USD in prices of 2001 (5 Mill AUD in 2005??) • Operational costs ~300.000 AUD per year (can be shared with ATNF): 3 staff + equipment/service • OR diameter ~10-12 meter – less expansive Geoscience Australia 07 July 2005

  9. Goal • Hobart (26 m) ~ 50 sessions/y - UTAS • Parkes (64 m) ~ 1-3 sessions/y - ATNF • Tidbinbilla (34 m) ~ 2-3 sessions/y - NASA 2005 2010 • Yarragadee (20-25m) ~ 100-150 sessions/y - GA • Hobart (26 m) ~ 12 sessions/y - UTAS • Parkes (64 m) ~ 1-3 sessions/y - ATNF • Tidbinbilla (34 m) ~ 2-3 sessions/y - NASA Geoscience Australia 07 July 2005

  10. Advantages • Operated by GA - more flexibility in scheduling • Fast slew – more data, better precision • Link between VLBI and SLR, GPS - ITRF • Better geographic position • Better resolution in height and wet delay - ITRF • Strength on the ICRF - ICRF, ITRF • Measurement of the intracontinental deformations • Near-real time monitoring (e-VLBI) - timeliness • Collaboration with astronomers - stimulation of new joint research and programs • Leading role for VLBI in the southern hemisphere Geoscience Australia 07 July 2005

  11. Outcome in 5 years • ICRF – the number of reference sources in Southern hemisphere (factor by 2-3); • ICRF – precision (factor by 4-5); • ITRF – consistent multitechnique positions for all Australia VLBI sites on accuracy level of 1-2 mm; • Check of the intracontinental deformations; • Consistent multitechnique EOP; • Learning of seasonal deformations in region; • Tracing of troposphere and ionosphere; • In case of strong earthquake in WA – monitoring of post- and co-seismic deformations Geoscience Australia 07 July 2005

  12. Conclusion • Giant step forward in both directions • basic science; • public service Geoscience Australia 07 July 2005

  13. ICRF defining sources Geoscience Australia 07 July 2005

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