Mankind's Utilisation of Water Resources

1. Mankind's Utilisation of Water Resources By Will, Rhian, Alison and Sophie

2. Agricultural Use • Irrigation of crops • using ‘rain guns’ • using irrigation channels • Location • permanent use in hot/arid countries • within the UK used as required • Examples • cotton growth in Eastern countries • potato crops during UK drought period i.e. summer 1996 Mankind's Uses of Water Resources

3. Food and Drink • Fresh water fishing - Salmon/Trout • Water Cress production • Drinking water - from reservoirs • Essential in the production of alcohol Mankind's Uses of Water Resources

4. Leisure • Rapid upsurge and diversification of water based sports including: swimming, angling, associated sports such as boating, as well as camping, walking and birdwatching. • 2 main water bodies under consideration: • (a) Reservoired Areas • (b) Rivers and Canals Mankind's Uses of Water Resources

5. Water Purification and Sewage Treatment • Royal Commission 1865 and 1868 • Rivers Pollution Prevention Act 1876 and 1951 • Water Act of 1945 • Pollution Legislation 1961 • Central Advisory Water Committee 1955 Mankind's Uses of Water Resources

6. Industrial Water Uses • Water wheel • Tidal power • Wave power • O.T.E.C. • Hydroelectric power Mankind's Uses of Water Resources

7. Waterwheel • 3 types • Horizontal • Overshot Vertical • Vertical Run of the river Mankind's Uses of Water Resources

8. Horizontal • Water flows out of aqueduct • Forward motion of water causes wheel to turn Mankind's Uses of Water Resources

9. Overshot • Water flows out of aqueduct from a height • Gravity causes the wheel to turn Mankind's Uses of Water Resources

10. Vertical • Placed within the river • Rivers motion causes the wheel to turn Mankind's Uses of Water Resources

11. Tidal Power Can be used across any stretch of water which is affected by tides. A barrage is set across the water, when tide comes in it flows through the turbines creating electricity. When water is behind the barrage a gate is lowered capturing water above it. When low tide comes the gate is raised and gets pushed through another set of turbines. This system is a two way turbine and allows electricity to be produced from both high and low tide. Mankind's Uses of Water Resources

12. O.T.E.C.Ocean Thermal Energy Converter • Designed to create electricity in warm tropical waters • Warm water heats liquid • Steam is forced through turbines • Steam is condensed • Cycle is repeated Mankind's Uses of Water Resources

13. Wave Power Oceans created tremendous amounts of energy. Wind hits the water and transfers potential energy to the water. To capture this energy an oscillating water column (OWC) is used. Mankind's Uses of Water Resources

14. O.W.C. • Wave hits the OWC air inside is compressed and forced through air turbines. • These have been designed to provide power for buoys in the sea to light their bulbs. Mankind's Uses of Water Resources

15. Hydroelectric Power Converts kinetic energy contained in falling water in to electricity. Hydroelectric power is the worlds largest renewable source of electricity. In Canada 60% of electrical needs are ascertained from hydroelectric power. 6% of the worlds electrical energy is produced by hydroelectricity. Mankind's Uses of Water Resources

16. Conflict • Oilspills • Transportation vs. damage to the environment • Speedboats • pleasure/recreation vs. damage to reed beds and bank erosion • Arid areas • Supply and demand for water of rival countries • Water sports • pleasure/financial gain vs. noise pollution and damage to the environment Mankind's Uses of Water Resources

17. Transport • People carriers • Travel • ferries • hovercraft • cruise liners • Entertainment • speed boats • rowing boats • jet skis • Cargo carriers and Industrial uses • Oil tankers • quarryed material • cars and machinery • fishing boats Mankind's Uses of Water Resources

18. Transport • Military uses • submarines • aircraft carriers • battle cruisers Mankind's Uses of Water Resources

19. THANK YOU!! Will, Rhian, Alison and Sophie