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Late Medieval & Gothic Art

Late Medieval & Gothic Art. Gothic Era. 1150/1400. about 250 years. Pope Innocent III, On the Misery of the Human Condition, c. 1200.

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Late Medieval & Gothic Art

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  1. Late Medieval & Gothic Art

  2. Gothic Era 1150/1400 about 250 years

  3. Pope Innocent III, On the Misery of the Human Condition, c. 1200 Man is conceived of blood made rotten by the heat of lust; and in the end worms, like mourners, stand about his corpse. In life he produced lice and tapeworms; in death he will produce worms and flies. In life he produced dung and vomit; in death he produces rottenness and stench. In life he fattened one man; in death he fattens a multitude of worms.

  4. Dematerialization Image floats on gold background (Byzantine influence lingers) Madonna and Child, ca. 1326Simone Martini (Italian [Siena], ca. 1284–1344)Tempera on panel; Overall: 23 1/8 x 15 1/2 in. (58.8 x 39.6 cm); Painted Surface: 22 1/2 x 15 1/8 in. (57.2 x 38.4 cm) No bones about it

  5. Martini Madonna detail not in text

  6. Notre Dame Cathedral begun in 1163 not in text

  7. Notre Dame Cathedralflying buttressesc. 1175

  8. Chartres Cathedral buttresses

  9. Flying Buttress diagram

  10. Other Gothic innovations • pointed arch (instead of round arch) • ribbed vault (instead of dome) • stained glass windows (see pp. 163-170) WHO CAME UP WITH THESE IDEAS?

  11. THE ARCHITECT(S)? WHO WORKED FOR SAY IT FIRST: SOO-zhay Abbot Suger (c.1085-1151) The dull mind rises to truth through that which is material . . . p. 163 How to justify this expense?

  12. Abbey Church of Saint Denis ribbed vaulting

  13. V E R T I C A L I T Y Chartres Cathedral

  14. Chartres Cathedral detail Proportion – heads to bodies?

  15. Chartres Cathedraldetail Elongated figures

  16. 1150 - a Gothic date to remember Gothic style architecture starts and is rapidly disseminated around1150. A much clearer start & style than Romanesque

  17. A hint of the Renaissance in the air?

  18. Cimabue, Madonna Enthroned, 1280-90 NO PERSPECTIVE flat pictorial space similar to Ancient & Byzantine works Similar to TEXTBOOK p. 183

  19. detail

  20. ByzantineEnthroned Madonna and Child, 13th centurytempera on panel, 131.1 x 76.8 cm (51 5/8 x 30 1/4 in.) Greek & Italian blend

  21. GIOTTOMadonna in Gloryc. 1311Tempera on panel128 x 90 1/2 in. suggestions of PERSPECTIVE in a GOTHIC ERA work; PERSPECTIVE is a major development of the RENAISSANCE (key words in BOLD) SEE TEXT! p. 184

  22. detail Shading gives volume SEE TEXT! p. 184

  23. Giotto, Pieta(Lamentation)fresco BOLD DIAGONAL SEE TEXT! p. 185 Late Gothic/ Early Renaissance from 1305

  24. GIOTTOThe Presentation of the Virginc. 1305Fresco.Cappella dell'Arena, Padua

  25. Duccio di Buoninsegna (c.1255 - c.1319) The Temptation of Christ on the Mountain,1308-1311tempera on poplar panel 17 in. x 18 1/8 in.

  26. The Garden of Eden from the Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry by the Limbourg Brothers, 1410s

  27. PLAGUE – 1350s 1/3 OF THE POPULATION OF EUROPE DEAD certainly raises the going pay rate for labor! stimulus for coming Renaissance? An urban phenomenon, but also particularly devastating to monks & nuns

  28. The Great Schism(s) • East/West churches split 1054 • Western church, multiple Popes simultaneously, 1378-1417 • General weakening of the authority of the Church in civil affairs

  29. SUMMARY – Late Medieval & Gothic • ARCHITECTURE – arches get the point; buttresses fly & glass is stained – emphasis on VERTICAL • ART – dematerialized human figures moving towards realistic pictorial space • MUSIC – POLYPHONY; rhythmic notation; Ars Nova • IDEAS – life is bad, humans worse, God is great • EVENTS – plague, weakening of Church authority

  30. BATTLE OF HASTINGS depicted in the • BAYEUX TAPESTRY which we associate with • FEUDALISM GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE 1000 • Musical STAFF used for • CHANT in the • EARLY MEDIEVAL PERIOD in • MONASTERIES Anchor Dates 1066 1150

  31. Up to dates? 480 BC 0 547 c.1000 c. 1150 Start of CLASSICAL GREEK PERIOD Just after the start of the ROMAN EMPIRE; Caesar Augustus reigns SAN VITALE; sort of end of Early Christian period Guido describes the musical staff Gothic architecture defined & disseminated

  32. Pope Innocent III, On the Misery of the Human Condition, c. 1200 (1) . . . man was formed of dust, slime, and ashes: what is even more vile, of the filthiest seed. He was conceived from the itch of the flesh, in the heat of passion and the stench of lust, and worse yet, with the stain of sin. He was born to toil, dread, and trouble; and more wretched still, was born only to die. He commits depraved acts by which he offends God, his neighbor, and himself; shameful acts by which he defiles his name, his person, and his conscience; and vain acts by which he ignores all things important, useful, and necessary. He will become fuel for those fires which are forever hot and burn forever bright; food for the worm which forever nibbles and digests; a mass of rottenness which will forever stink and reek.

  33. UP NEXT:RENAISSANCE! Read Chapter 8

  34. Paolo and Giovanni Veneziano (active c.1333 - before 1362) (Workshop of)The Coronation of the Virgin, 1358tempera on poplar panel43 1/4 in. x 27 in. zoomable

  35. CimabueThe Flagellation of Christ, c. 1280tempera on poplar panel9 3/4 in. x 7 7/8 in.

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