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Mastering Plant Pruning: Techniques, Tips, and Safety Measures

Learn the art of pruning to improve plant health, control growth, and enhance flowering. Discover proper pruning cuts, techniques like thinning and drop-crotching, and when to prune for optimal results.

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Mastering Plant Pruning: Techniques, Tips, and Safety Measures

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  1. Pruning!

  2. Equipment

  3. Pruning, why do it? • Improve plant health Increase light and air circulation in the canopy

  4. Pruning, why do it? • Dead • Dying • Damaged • Diseased • Deranged • Root suckers and water sprouts

  5. Damaged

  6. Deranged

  7. Deranged

  8. Root suckers

  9. Water sprouts

  10. Water sprouts

  11. Control growth

  12. Enhance Flowering or Fruiting

  13. Plant size and form • Best to select plants which have desired features at maturity • Consider branch spacing and arrangement • Structural strength & safety • Work with natural form of tree/shrub

  14. Safety! • Crotch angles “V” = Very bad! “U” = Ultimate! Right angle = Right on!

  15. Crotch angles • “V” usually forms embedded or included bark • “U” often forms ridge bark Y

  16. Included bark

  17. Better branching angles

  18. Bark ridge

  19. Pruning techniques • Heading back = selective removal of the ends of twigs or young branches to a node • Often has undesirable results such as multiple leaders • Drop-crotching = pruning back to a fork where there is a live branch (better) • Pinching = removal of soft, new growth of branch tips with your fingers

  20. Pruning techniques • Thinning = complete removal of branches back to a lateral branch or main trunk

  21. Drop crotching & crown reduction

  22. Powerline considerations

  23. Pruning techniques • Raising the crown

  24. Pruning cuts

  25. Proper pruning cuts

  26. Topping

  27. Damaged branch collar

  28. Healing well!

  29. Heart rot from decay of stub

  30. Improper pruning cuttings

  31. Bacterial rot behind wound paint

  32. Shearing-bad

  33. Shearing-good

  34. Shearing-good

  35. Shearing-good

  36. Specialized pruning • Espalier • Topiary • Bonsai/Penjing

  37. When to prune? • Trees are best pruned late in the dormant season or following a growth flush • If trees are pruned at other times, this often results in water sprouts • Worst time to prune? • When leaves are forming! (right now!)

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