1 / 35

Inquiry of implementation and experiences with EN 14181 in Belgium

Inquiry of implementation and experiences with EN 14181 in Belgium. Raf De Fré, Ive Vanderreydt - VITO, Mol François Idczak - ISSeP, Liège. Objectives. Obtain overview of implementation in concerned sectors Stimulate awareness of EN 14181 among potential users

shelbyr
Télécharger la présentation

Inquiry of implementation and experiences with EN 14181 in Belgium

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Inquiry of implementation and experiences with EN 14181 in Belgium Raf De Fré, Ive Vanderreydt - VITO, Mol François Idczak - ISSeP, Liège CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

  2. Objectives • Obtain overview of implementation in concerned sectors • Stimulate awareness of EN 14181 among potential users • Prepare further implementation by different actors • Collect remarks & integrate in Belgian implementation CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

  3. Organization of Inquiry • Addresses obtained from authorities • Contact by phone responsible person • Inquiry forms sent by (e-)mail • Short introduction to EN 14181 in annex • Reminder by phone and mail • Collect and close after 1 month CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

  4. Respondents • those who did respond: CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

  5. Those who did not respond • Sectors • Municipal waste incinerators (2) • Refineries (2), Chemical industry (5) • Metallurgy (4), Sugar (3), Paper (2) • Food (2) • Some plants have no CEMs • not under directives (e.g. sugar < 100 d/y), non-compliant or in discussion • Plants not under WI or LCP directives • some will not use EN 14181 for CEMs CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

  6. Belgian Environmental law • Regions have authority over environment • Flanders, Brussels, Wallonia • EN 14181 not explicitly mentioned in regulations • Legislation different in each region but EU Directives must be implemented • CEMs: Flanders has legal obligation for approval of CEMs by expert • "Code of Good Practice" since 1997 CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

  7. Which standards CEM operators know (%) • others mentioned: EN13284-2, Code of good practice (Fl) CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

  8. How well - wherefrom do you know EN 14181 ? • % of 52 positive respondents CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

  9. Need for a technical guidance for EN 14181 ? • % of 78 positive answers CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

  10. How many CEMS has your plant ? • (3 answers for multiple sites = up to 7 plants more) CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

  11. Was there any QA/QC on CEMS in 2005 ? (3 answers for multiple sites = up to 7 plants more) CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

  12. Which QAL1 tests were done on CEMS ? • other = supplier (7), ISO 9000 (2), own QA system (1) CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

  13. Frequency of calibration (QAL2) on CEMS ? • other frequencies: 6 months (2), not specified, …”depends” (2) CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

  14. Frequency of surveillance test (AST) on CEMS ? • other = 6 m,2 y, with QAL1 (2), not specified (2) CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

  15. Frequency of QAL3 on CEMS ? • Cusum charts: 0 • Shewart charts: 0 • Other control charts: 3 • Zero & span checks: • other = • 3 h (1), 12 h (2) • automatic (8) • 6 months (1) CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

  16. Who did perform quality control on CEMs ? • 50 positive answers • no other parties (3 answers for multiple sites = up to 7 plants more) CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

  17. What do you expect from EN 14181 ? CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

  18. General remarks on standard • Increasing effort for measurement is disproportionate to lower emission levels and reduced environmental impact of waste incineration sector • Standard made by emission monitoring labs • Frequent interventions on CEMs reduce availability • Double CEMs installed to meet WID 97% availability requirement • Alternatives for CEMs preferred where allowed - e.g. monthly measurements, EN 14181 makes CEMs less attractive CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

  19. Remarks concerning legal aspects • Our plant is not in scope of WI or LCP Directives and will therefore not apply EN 14181 • Process industries with legal obligation of CEM • Existing quality system for CEMs is adequate / equivalent to EN 14181 • (ISO 9000 & other TS) • EN 14181 is not specified in national legislation • Measurement frequencies are imposed by law, not by standards or codes of good practice • (therefore no AST by external lab) CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

  20. Remarks concerning QAL 1 • No QAL 1 obtainable for older instruments • transition period needed to complete economic life • who does calculate AMS uncertainty ? • Choice of range of instruments ? • continuous low levels, but range must be 3 x ELV • special case CO : still higher range to measure highest peaks ? CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

  21. Remarks on QAL 2 Calibration • No added value in parallel measurements over 3 days in case of extremely low or constant levels  reduce to 1 day, specially manual methods : dust, HCl, HF, H2O, TOC • Quality of reference measurements by external labs ? • corrections proposed sometimes questionable • measurement uncertainty of labs not taken into consideration CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

  22. Remarks on QAL 3 and AST • Intervention from external labs is required for AST - should not be imposed • Concept of control charts not known by operators - equivalent systems should be allowed • Instruments with internal verification of zero and span need no calibration gases CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

  23. Some other remarks • Standard EN 14181 too complex for people in the field • Rigorous application of standard is relatively expensive • Interpretation of results from standard application is always difficult • No understanding of statistic principles • meaning of Chi square based test for decision pass/fail ? • operators not familiar with Cusum or Shewart control charts CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

  24. Remarks from Inquiry – small plants • Small operators need cost effective solutions in relation to size of plant • EN 14181 "light" version ? • Economic viability of small plants at risk by EN 14181 monitoring cost • Bio-mass and wood combustion not economic if classified under WID • A chemical plant considers closing chlorinated waste incinerator if excessive CEM cost • Small chemical incinerator will try to obtain CEM derogations CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

  25. Conclusions • Knowledge of EN 14181 is very limited - for many this was the first contact with standard - thorough knowledge of standard by very few • Inquiry showed need of increased involvement by industry (scepticism) • Power generation and Municipal waste incineration sectors best prepared for implementation of standard • Small plants more sensitive to cost increase • Refineries and petrochemical sector are slower in adaptation to standard CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

  26. Implementation in Belgium • Smaller countries/regions have limited means • rely on models & experience from larger countries (UK, D, NL, TGN…) • Flanders: transition from existing Code (2001) • 2006 : Working group 5 parties, prepare transit • 2007 : Implementation of EN 14181 in Code • need to continue on 2 tracks (WI-LCP & others ?) • Wallonia – Brussels : (cold start EN 14181 in ….??). CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

  27. Field Tests • 2 examples of field tests: • LCP • 6 days parallel measurements • NOx, CO, SO2 : ½ hour measurements • dust : 1 measurement per day (stack diameter = 3m) • Sulfuric acid plant • 25 parallel ½ hour measurements • SO2 CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

  28. LCP CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

  29. LCP CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

  30. LCP CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

  31. LCP CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

  32. LCP CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

  33. Sulfuric acid plant with extractive SO2 analyser (approval according to Flemish code ) CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

  34. Sulfuric acid plant with extractive analyser • Approval according to Flemish Code : calibration function + 4% = “pass” • EN 14181 calibration : reduced selection of data results in same conclusions : • More measurements give limited extension of validated range, but not to ELV (1700) • Little added value in continued measurements over 3 days • Adequate QAL3 : gas cell - daily, cal. gases (3) - weekly, fixed limits control chart…. CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

  35. Field Tests Conclusions • Difficulties to obtain experimental values covering a large range of concentration even with many samples (impossible to oblige the plant to pollute more … or less) • Limitation of EN 14181 to the control of the analysis chain (treatment of data) • Existing quality control system for CEMs before EN 14181 standard can be adequate CEN workshop EN 14181, 22-23 May 2006, Paris

More Related