Laying the Foundation: Ten Elements of an Effective Laboratory Safety Management Program

Laying the Foundation: Ten Elements of an Effective Laboratory Safety Management Program Developed by the University of Alberta Engineering Safety and Risk Management Program with Minerva Canada for use by higher education engineering laboratories Fall 2014 Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 1

Laying the Foundation: Ten Elements of an Effective Laboratory Safety Management Program • Minerva Canada supports the education of engineering students in health, safety, and risk management. This learning module assists in providing a program to protect people and assets in a laboratory environment. • In addition, the skills developed by students in applying risk management in the laboratory will serve them well in their future careers. As engineers, all of us are in the business of risk management. Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 2

Overview: • This section is an overview of the presentation. • This module, Laying the Foundation: Elements of an Effective Laboratory Safety Management Program, provides the basic elements to achieve improved risk management in the laboratory. • More in-depth risk assessment techniques are outside the scope of this introductory module, and should be pursued should risk exposures warrant further consideration. Overview Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 3

Overview: • The Elements of an Effective Laboratory Safety Management Program consists of these six themes: • The Leadership Imperative: • Leading Safety Practices in Your Lab: • Safe Handling of Materials: • Managing Your Lab: • Training and Records for Your Lab Program: • Engage Your People in Risk Management: • These six themes are further developed into 10 elements that comprise the Laboratory Safety Management Program. Overview Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 4

Overview: • In this Overview, we will cover: • 1) Purpose • 2) Scope and Boundaries • 3) Key Learning Objectives: • Lessons Specific to the Lab • Skill Sets for Career Development • 4) Desired Outcome of a Lab Safety Program • A Positive Lab Experience: Overview Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 5

Overview: • 1) Purpose of this Module: • To provide a fundamental approach for an Effective Lab Safety Program in the university environment. • It is an approach that: • Lab Supervisors need to develop and implement, and • Lab Users must follow when carrying out lab work. • This Module explores each of the Ten Elements of an Effective Lab Safety Program in six broad themes. Overview Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 6

Overview: 2) Scope and Boundaries: Ten Elements of an Effective Lab Safety Program Overview Leadership Imperative Leadership Imperative 1) Leadership Leading Practices 2) Hazard Identification Leading Practices 3) Planned Inspections 4) Personal Protective Equipment 5) Job Safety Analysis / SOPs Safe Handling Safe Handling 6) Safe Handling Of Materials Managing Your Lab Managing Your Lab 7) Lab Management Training & Records Training & Records 8) Training & Records 9) Field Level Risk Assessments Engage Your People Engage Your People 10) Reporting and Correcting 7

Overview: • 2) Scope and Boundaries • It is understood that an Effective Lab Safety Program applies to: • Lab Users: Students in a learning environment, and Researchers focused on experimentation and knowledge development. • Lab Supervisors: the Principle Investigator and designated Instructors. • Laboratory facilities that also require oversight from facility managers, supervisors, and technicians responsible for the installation and maintenance of associated equipment. Overview Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 8

Overview: • 2) Scope and Boundaries • This module is intended: • To provide a foundation for the Lab Supervisor to develop a laboratory safety program specific to their facility. • Lab Supervisors can use this ten-element Lab Safety Program as the foundation for developing and implementing their own lab safety program. • For a broad range of laboratories. • To alert Lab Supervisors to check on related regulatory requirements. Overview Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 9

Overview: • 2) Scope and Boundaries • This module is not intended: • To provide a universal lab safety program i.e. to cover every aspect of lab safety: • It does provide a good starting point using established risk management practices; therefore each lab must be carefully assessed for the hazards and risks, followed by appropriate implementation of effective safeguards and control measures. • To address specific regulatory requirements: • Each lab must be carefully assessed to determine the required government regulations that apply to the lab by considering the substances, agents, tools, equipment, and specific training and certification requirements e.g. nuclear radiation officer. Overview Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 10

Overview: • 3) Key Learning Objectives • Lessons Specific to the Lab • Skill Sets for Career Development Overview Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 11

Overview: Overview • 3) Key Learning Objectives • Lessons Specific to the Lab • Skill Sets for Career Development Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 12

Overview: Overview • 3) Key Learning Objectives: • Lessons Specific to the Lab: • At the end of this module, you will understand: • The Ten Elements of an Effective Laboratory Safety Program. • How to apply these elements to develop and/or follow these ten elements of an effective lab safety program. Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 13

Overview: Overview • 3) Key Learning Objectives • Lessons Specific to the Lab • Skill Sets for Career Development Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 14

Overview: Overview • 3) Key Learning Objectives: • Skill Sets for Career Development: • Safety and Risk Management is a core competency needed in any industrial and manufacturingworkplace especially the energy, resource, and industry sectors in Canada. • The risk management skills learned and applied in a laboratory are transferable and applicable to future workplace environments. • Remember that as we contribute in our future careers, we are responsible to manage the risks associated with the enterprise in which we work. Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 15

Overview: Overview • 4) Desired Outcomes of a Lab Safety Program: • A Positive Lab Experience: • The Ten Element Lab Safety Program provides a safe working environment that delivers: • A systematic, disciplined approach to teaching, which enables students to learn more effectively, and • A rigourous, planned and structured approach to research that leads to improved efficiency and quality of results. • In effect, these approaches lead to a safe and positive lab experience for all those undertaking lab activities. Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 16

Overview: • In this Overview, we have covered: • 1) Purpose • 2) Scope and Boundaries • 3) Key Learning Objectives: • Lessons Specific to the Lab • Skill Sets for Career Development • 4) Desired Outcomes of a Lab Safety Program • A Positive Lab Experience: Overview Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 17

Overview: • We will now develop each element of our Laboratory Safety Program: Overview Leadership Imperative Leadership Imperative 1) Leadership Leading Practices 2) Hazard Identification Leading Practices 3) Planned Inspections 4) Personal Protective Equipment 5) Job Safety Analysis / SOPs Safe Handling Safe Handling 6) Safe Handling Of Materials Managing Your Lab Managing Your Lab 7) Lab Management Training & Records Training & Records 8) Training & Records 9) Field Level Risk Assessments Engage Your People Engage Your People 10) Reporting and Correcting 18

The Leadership Imperative: • The first element of our Lab Safety Program is: Leadership Imperative Leadership Imperative 1) Leadership Leading Practices Leading Practices Safe Handling Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Managing Your Lab Training & Records Training & Records Engage Your People Engage Your People 19

The Leadership Imperative: • Element 1) The Leadership Imperative Element covers: • 1) It’s Just The Right Thing to Do: • Safety is good for business … • Safety is a legal requirement … • Safety delivers on our moral imperative to protect our people! • 2) Don’t Learn the Hard Way: • A Brief of Three Lab Incidents at Leading Universities: • Notable Incidents at Your Learning Institution. • Key Lessons! • 3) Laboratory Safety Survival Guide – in Three Key Points: 1) Understand Your Lab safety program and your responsibilities! 2) When you make decisions, put safety ahead of any other objective! 3) Pay attention to failures in safety systems and take action! Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 25-Dec-2014 20

The Leadership Imperative: • Element 1) The Leadership Imperative Element: • 1) It’s Just The Right Thing to Do: • Safety is good for business … • Safety is a legal requirement … • Safety delivers on our moral imperative to protect our people! • 2) Don’t Learn the Hard Way: • 3) Laboratory Safety Survival Guide: Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 21

The Leadership Imperative: • 1) It’s Just The Right Thing to Do: • Safety is good for business … • Safety is a legal requirement … • Safety delivers on our moral imperative to protect our people! Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 22

The Leadership Imperative: • 1) It’s Just The Right Thing to Do: • Safety is good for business … • Peter Drucker Quote: “The first duty of business is to survive, and the guiding principle of business economics is not the maximization of profit - it is the avoidance of loss.” • Safety is a basic element of the organization’s operations: • It enables successful planning of activities and execution of the organization's vision and mission. • It helps to minimize loss and maximize organizational results. • It protects the reputation of the educational institution and its leaders. Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 23

The Leadership Imperative: • 1) It’s Just The Right Thing to Do: • Safety is good for business … • The Loaf of Bread Model: • Why work at minimizing, preferably avoiding, loss? • Consider this simple example: the profit margin on a one dollar loaf of bread is about 10 cents. If one loaf of bread falls on the floor, the “incident”, the merchant needs to sell an additional nine loaves to recover the cost of the “incident”, or significantly reduce costs to manufacture those additional nine loaves. • How much more effort does it take to sell more loaves or reduce manufacturing costs, versus incident prevention? Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 24

The Leadership Imperative: • 1) It’s Just The Right Thing to Do: • Safety is a legal requirement … • Academic staff and the Principle Investigator are defined as the “Lab Supervisor”. • Government agencies view you, the Lab Supervisor, as the “direct supervisor of the workers” i.e. under your personal and direct supervision. • Thus, Lab Supervisors (you) are responsible and accountable for the safety of your people under the occupational regulations within your province. Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 26

The Leadership Imperative: • 1) It’s Just The Right Thing to Do: • Safety is a legal requirement … • Students and Researchers are defined as the “Lab Users”. • Within the university, government agencies view lab users as “the worker”, whether the worker is not trained and not competent, or is fully trained and competent. • Thus, Lab Users (you) are required to comply with all government safety regulations and university safety rules. Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 27

The Leadership Imperative: • 1) It’s Just The Right Thing to Do: • Safety is a legal requirement … • Consider that a “worker that is not trained and not competent” must be under the direct supervision of a competent person (the Lab Supervisor) at all times”. • It is only when the worker is fully trained and competent that the worker may work under minimal or no direct supervision i.e. “a competent worker”. Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 28

The Leadership Imperative: • 1) It’s Just The Right Thing to Do: • Safety delivers on our moral imperative to protect our people! • We care about people! We are responsible for their safety • From the perspective of Principle Investigators and Instructors,our people are: • Our students … • Our researchers …. • And ourselves. • We can protect people and fulfill our moral imperative through the implementation of an effective lab safety program. Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 30

The Leadership Imperative: • 1) It’s Just The Right Thing to Do: • Safety delivers on our moral imperative to protect our people! • Accomplished leaders in safety and risk management: • Have come to learn that safety and risk management is not a cost, it is an investment in protecting our people, protecting our research endeavours, and protecting our institutional reputation. • Believe that all incidents are unacceptable and preventable, and • Believe that we must work towards preventing injuries and losses in our labs. Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 31

The Leadership Imperative: • Element 1) The Leadership Imperative Element: • 1) It’s Just The Right Thing to Do: • 2) Don’t Learn the Hard Way: • A Briefing on Three Lab Incidents at Leading Universities: • Notable Incidents at Your Learning Institution • Key Lessons! • 3) Laboratory Safety Survival Guide: Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 32

The Leadership Imperative: • 2) Don’t Learn the Hard Way: • A Briefing on Three Lab Incidents at Leading Universities: • Notable Incidents at Your Learning Institution • Key Lessons! Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 33

The Leadership Imperative: • 2) Don’t Learn the Hard Way: • A Briefing on Three Lab Incidents at Leading Universities: • University of California at Los Angeles • Texas Technical University http://www.csb.gov/assets/1/19/CSB_Study_TTU_.pdf • Dartmouth College Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 34

The Leadership Imperative: • 2) Don’t Learn the Hard Way: • The UCLA Lab Incident Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 35

The Leadership Imperative: • 2) Don’t Learn the Hard Way: • The UCLA Lab Incident: • The Principle Investigator (PI) and UCLA criminally prosecuted in this incident. Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 36

The Leadership Imperative: • 2) Don’t Learn the Hard Way: • The UCLA Lab Incident Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 37 37

The Leadership Imperative: 2) Don’t Learn the Hard Way: Leadership Imperative • The UCLA Lab Incident: • During the transfer of a highly reactive and pyrophoric chemical, tertiary butyl lithium, the chemical sprayed and contacted the synthetic sweater of the worker and spontaneously ignited. • The person suffered fatal burns. • Systemic deficiencies: • Safety training for lab workers was inadequate; • Requirements for Personal Protective Equipment were not enforced; • Insufficient safety management accountability and oversight by PI’s. Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 38

The Leadership Imperative: 2) Don’t Learn the Hard Way: Leadership Imperative • The Texas Tech Lab Incident: • While crushing a larger amount than normal (10g vs 30mg) of ahighly energetic chemical, nickel hydrazine perchlorate, it detonated unexpectedly. • The person suffered permanent,debilitating injuries. • Systemic deficiencies: • The physical hazards & risks inherent in the research were not effectively assessed, nor planned for, nor mitigated; • Insufficient safety management accountability and oversight by PI’s; • Worker did not receive any specific training on explosive compounds; • No formal system for communicating limits or verifying compliance. Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 39

The Leadership Imperative: 2) Don’t Learn the Hard Way: Leadership Imperative • The Dartmouth Lab Incident: • While using a highly neuro-toxic chemical, dimethyl mercury, small droplets spilled onto the latex gloves of the worker. • Latex gloves did not protectagainst dimethyl mercury. • The person suffered a fatalexposure to heavy metalpoisoning. • Systemic deficiencies: • Reliance exclusively on safety precautions from suppliers (MSDS) instead of comprehensive hazard evaluations and risk assessments. • Insufficient knowledge of hazards associated with highly toxic chemicals. Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 40

The Leadership Imperative: • 2) Don’t Learn the Hard Way: • You need to know what the hazards and risks are in Your Laboratory before doing any work. • You don’t want to learn the hard way. • More information on these three incidents atUS-CSB “Experimenting with Danger”:http://www.csb.gov/videos/experimenting-with-danger/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ALBWxGik64A#t=25 • More information about Lab Safety and Risk Management from the University of Alberta at:http://www.youtube.com/channel/UCwbaRZsn-46tRd-fCct-lMw Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 41

The Leadership Imperative: • 2) Don’t Learn the Hard Way: • Notable Incidents at Your Learning Institution • See the next page for an example of how to present a list of incidents. • This information is for incidents at The University of Alberta. • Delete this page and insert information for your learning institution. Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 43

The Leadership Imperative: • 2) Don’t Learn the Hard Way: • Notable Incidents at The University of Alberta • Agriculture/Forestry Lab – Reactor Rupture Disc Burst and Fire; 16-Dec-2010; no injuries, property damage, building evacuation • Chemical Engineering Lab – High Temperature Reactor Rupture and Fire; 12-Sept-2014; first and second degree burns to arms • Chemical Engineering Lab – Fume Hood Flash Fire;24-Dec-2013; first and second degree burns • Chemistry Sciences Lab – Glass Reactor and Hydrogen Fire; 9-Oct-2013; first and second degree burns and lacerations on their face, neck and hands • Chemistry Sciences Lab – Vapour Extract System and Ether Fire; 9-March-2010; no injuries, property damage Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 44

The Leadership Imperative: • 2) Don’t Learn the Hard Way: • Notable Incidents at The University of Alberta Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Chemistry Sciences Lab; Vapour Extract System and Ether Fire;9-March-2010 Chemical Engineering Lab; Fume Hood Flash Fire;24-Dec-2013 Safe Handling Chemistry Sciences Lab; Glass Reactor and Hydrogen Fire; 9-Oct-2013 Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 45

The Leadership Imperative: • 2) Don’t Learn the Hard Way: • Key Lessons! • Incidents are happening in our labs. • These incidents, whether minor or significant in impact, are signals that we haven’t got things right • These signals provide learning opportunities to improve risk management in the laboratory. • It is noted that even a small change can escalate a minor incident to one of major consequence. • By acting on minor incidents, we learn from them and make improvements to prevent major and tragic incidents because … • Loss incidents are tragedies, but the greatest tragedy is not learning from these incidents! Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 47

The Leadership Imperative: • Element 1) The Leadership Imperative Element: • 1) It’s Just The Right Thing to Do: • 2) Don’t Learn the Hard Way: • 3) Laboratory Safety Survival Guide - in Three Key Points: • You can sustain safety leadership in the laboratory by applying Three Key Points: • Understand Your Lab safety program and your responsibilities! • When you make decisions, put safety ahead of any other objective! • Pay attention to failures in safety systems and take action! Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 48

The Leadership Imperative: • 3) Laboratory Safety Survival Guide - in Three Key Points: • Understand Your Lab safety program and your responsibilities! • Whether you are a student using a lab under direct supervision, or researcher, or a supervisor (Principle Investigator) responsible for a lab, understand your personal responsibilities to meet program requirements, and undertake those responsibilities diligently. • Not knowing your responsibilities could leave yourself or the people under your direct supervision needlessly exposed to hazards. Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 49

The Leadership Imperative: • 3) Laboratory Safety Survival Guide - in Three Key Points: • When you make decisions, put safety ahead of any other objective! • Even under compelling or stressful circumstances, safety takes precedence over trying to meet that dead-line (e.g. complete an assignment or experiment, or attempt a new or novel approach i.e. new reaction synthesis). • Rushing leads to overlooking key hazards or overlooking appropriate safety measures; these can result in an incident. • New or novel approaches without adequate hazard assessment can result in an incident. Leadership Imperative Leading Practices Safe Handling Managing Your Lab Training & Records Engage Your People 50

Laying the Foundation: Ten Elements of an Effective Laboratory Safety Management Program