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Yarn Count

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Yarn Count

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  1. Total Textile Process at a Glance

  2. Definition : Count is the numerical expression which express/indicates coarseness or fineness of yarn. A definition of yarn count is given by textile institute “count a number indicating the mass per unit length or the length per unit mass of yarn” Object of yarn count : 1.To know about the count. 2. To know the different count conversion formula. 3. To know the application of count. 4 To know the measurement of count

  3. Several systems and unit are used for expressing the yarn number. Depending on the material used for preparing the yarn. 1. Indirect system 2. Direct system 3. Universal system Indirect system: In this system the count is the number of units of length per unit of weight of yarn. In this case higher the count, finer is the yarn. This system is generally used for cotton, woolen, worsted linnet.

  4. Let N=The yarn number or count W=The weight of the sample w= The unit of weight of the system L= The weight of the sample l= The length of the sample Then, N= L×w/l×W Direct system In this system the count of the yarn is the number of units of weights per unit length of yarn. This system is used for jute silk and synthetic etc. Let N= The yarn number or count W= The weight of the sample L= The weight of the sample l= The length of the sample Then, N=W×l/L

  5. Universal system Tex system of yarn numbering is called as universal system. This is direct system of yarn numbering and introduce by international standards organization. Count in different system: 1.Tex: Count in the tex system is the weight in grams of 1000m or 1 km of yarn 2.Denier: The number of count in the denier system is the weight in gm s of 9000m or 9km of yarn.

  6. 3.Ponuds per spindle: The yarn in he pound per spindle system is the weight in pound of 14400yards of yarns of yarn. 4.English system: The yarn number or count is defined as the number of hanks 840yds per pound. 5.Metric: It is defined as the no of hanks (1000m)per kg 6.Worsted: It is defined as the number of hanks(560yds) per pound. 7.Millitex: Count in the millitex system is the weight in milligram of 1km of yarn. 8.kolotex: Count in the kilotex system is the weight in the milligram of 1km of yarn. 9.Wollen: Count in wollen system is the weight in grain of 20yds of yarns

  7. Conversion of count system There are four systems for conversion of yarn count from one system to another system: 1 Indirect to indirect 2 Direct to direct 3 Indirect to direct 4 Direct to indirect Units of length and weight in counting system Indirect system Name of system Weight unit length unit Cotton-English 1 lb Hank of 840yards Cotton-French 1/2kg Cotton –Metric 1 kg Hank of 1000yards Spun -silk1 1 lb Hank of 840yards Linen 1 lb leans of 300yards Worsted 1 lb Hank of 560yards Hank of 1000yards

  8. Direct system Na. of system weight unit Jute, hemp Tex 1gram Denier 1gram length unit 14400 yards 1000metre 9000metre 1lb

  9. Some method of measuring the count 1. Quadrant balance method. 2. Knowles balance. 3. Beesleys balance. 4. Sliver, roving count by measuring drum. 5. Count data system. 6. Auto sorter by user. 7. Warp reel and balance method

  10. Warp reel and balance method: By this standard method of count testing the count of any type of a yarn can be calculated principle: The count of yarn is numerical expression which indicates coarseness or fineness of yarn there are two system of determining yarn count, 1) Indirect system N=L×w/l×W 2) Direct system N=W×l/L Where W=the weight of sample .w=the unit of weight of weight of the , system L=the length of weight of the sample . l=the unit of length of the system

  11. Figure: warp reel and balance

  12. Apparatus: warp reel, balance, weight box Specimen: cotton yarns in hank from. Working principle: 1.At first warp reel was adjusted accordingly and yarn was passed from the cone through the guides. 2.The length of the sample was measured by the warp reel counter. 3.In case of cotton the circumference of warp reel is 1yds and required yarn is 120yds again in case of jute warp reel circumference is 2.5yds and required yarn is 300yds. 4. In the case of cotton warp reel is drive by motor and jute warp reel is manually operated. In the case of cotton yarn stop automatically when the specified amount of yarn is wound on itr. 5.The sample is weighted by balance 6.The operation is repeated 12to 16 times and taking their means count is calculated direct system.

  13. Quadrant balance method It is a type of typical balance .it is a direct reading instrument. The count can be directly measure from quadrant balance. Scope: count of small length of yarn up to 40yds can be measured directly from this deveice.the weight of the sample of sample of fabric can also be measure.

  14. Principle: The count of yarn expression coarseness or fineness of yarn. 1) Indirect system N=L×w/l×W 2) Direct system N=W×l/L Where W=the weight of sample .w=the unit of weight of weight of the system L=the length of weight of the sample . l=the unit of length of the system Apparatus Quadrant balance, measuring scale, blade. Specimen Cotton yarn roving or sliver from. Working procedure 1. A given length of sample (4yds of cotton) was measured by measuring scale. 2. adjusting the quadrant balance the sample is hung in its hook and from the respective scale, count is directly measured. 3. Three type of scale are present in quadrant balance. 4. 1.4yds for sliver (hank) 5. 2.20yds for roving (hank) 6. 3.840yds for yarn (count) 7. the operation is represented 16 times and mean is calculatedThe mean will be the count.

  15. Beesley’s balance Scope: when a cotton yarn is supplied in short length or removed from fabric the count of yarn can be measured by a special type of balance is called Beesleys balance

  16. Principle: ** The instrument consist of simple bean with a small hook at one end and a pointer at other end. **the beam is initially leveled to bring the opposite to datum line. **a standard weight is hanged in a notch on the beam arm on the pointer side of the pivot. **a template is used to cut short fiber of yarn. These short length yarns are added on hook until the pointer is opposite to the datum line. **the yarn count is the number of fibers required to balabce. Working procedure **Firstly the selection of template i.e. short (half ) cotton ,long (1/2) cotton. this section depends upon available of the sample **the yarn is cut by using template and blade **the cut is hung to the hook and counted their number **the whole operation was repeated for 10times and their mean given the result Use: to measure the count of yarn of small piece of fabric this balance an be used.

  17. Figure of some instrument for cotton determination Fig: analytical balance

  18. Fig: Sliver roving count by measuring drum

  19. Exclusive Data: To determine count of yarn is a process which is an easy task but once the fabric is made and during the process of weaving/bleaching/dyeing etc. the yarn count decreases/increases. Hence to determine count ‘HIROSHIMA’ BEESLEY BALANCE helps to determine yarn count of fabrics. It comprises of a balance in which it is provided with a pointer which on one side corresponds to a datum line and the other side is provided with a hook/hanger where the specimen is hanged. In the middle of the pointer there is a small notch provided where either small or large hook-weight is to be placed. On the placement of the hook-weight in the notch, the pointer would fall in a downward position from the datum line. Place the yarn one by one after cutting it according to the template provided till it corresponds to the datum line and the No. of yarns would give the Fabric Yarn Count. This is the easiest and the most economical method to determine the fabric yarn count by “HIROSHIMA” Beesley Balance.

  20. Remark: In the conclusion it can be said that by this assignment we know many thing about the count our honorable teacher was very helpful to make this assignment. Reference: 1. http://www.textiletestings.com/cloth_pilling_tester.htm 2. PRINCIPAL OF TEXTILE TESTING 3. J.E.BOOTH 4. CLASS LECTURE OF T.T.Q.C 5. S.M. MASUM ALAM

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