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Cloning

Cloning. Grade 10 EST. Reproduction. Sexual (principles of heredity) Asexual (clones) Cloning is the reproduction of an individual, part of that individual or one of its genes in order to obtain an exact copy. Natural Cloning.

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Cloning

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  1. Cloning Grade 10 EST

  2. Reproduction • Sexual (principles of heredity) • Asexual (clones) • Cloning is the reproduction of an individual, part of that individual or one of its genes in order to obtain an exact copy.

  3. Natural Cloning • Natural cloning produces genetically identical individuals through asexual reproduction.

  4. Budding – in this form of reproduction, a new individual develops from a protusion that eventually detaches itself from the parent.

  5. Layering – in this form of reproduction, which is specific to plants, roots – called stolons – develop from a branch in contact with the ground.

  6. Propagation by cutting – in this form of reproduction, also specific to plants, a new individual is formed from a separated section of the plant (not seeds), which falls to the ground.

  7. Artificial Plant Cloning • Artificial plant cloning involves humans. • See illustration p. 371.

  8. Animal Cloning In mammals: • Remove cell from individual to be cloned • Remove nucleus of ovum from another • Combine cell and ovum = embryo • Implant in surrogate mother

  9. Human Cloning • Reproductive cloning is the application of cloning techniques to obtain a new individual genetically identical to the one being cloned. • Therapeutic cloning is the application of cloning techniques to obtain tissues or organs genetically identical to those of a person in need of a transplant or medical grafting.

  10. Molecular Cloning • Production of multiple copies of the same gene. • Useful in case of an accident or genetic defect.

  11. NotesHW: Workbook p. 192due May 22

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