Which of the pair of terms is NOT related?

1. Which of the pair of terms is NOT related? b • Sugar-carbohydrate • Starch-nucleic acid • Fat-lipid • Starch-carbohydrate

2. The function of most proteins in the body is • To build muscle tissue • To store energy • To help build the cell membrane • To provide the body with quick burst of energy A http://www.vegparadise.com/images/protein2.jpg

3. Which element makes the molecules organic? • Oxygen • Hydrogen • Nitrogen • Carbon D http://education.jlab.org/itselemental/tableofelements.png

4. Which of the following organic compounds is the main source of energy for living things? • Carbohydrate • Lipid • Nucleic Acid • Protein A http://intrawebnet.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/can-art-redbull-can-weightlifting-made-from-red-bull-cans.jpg

5. Which of the following statements is true about catalysts? A • Catalysts lower the activation energy of a chemical reaction. • Catalysts are used up during a chemical reaction. • Catalysts slow down the rate of chemical reactions. • All catalysts are enzymes. http://www.chem4kids.com/files/art/reaction_catalyst2.gif

6. What is the term used to describe the energy needed to get a reaction started? • Activation energy • Cohesion energy • Adhesion energy • Chemical energy A http://www.fraserking.co.uk/images/kick_off/kick_off_pic3.gif

7. Proteins are polymers formed from C • Lipids • Carbohydrates • Amino acids • Nucleic acids http://www.wpclipart.com/toys/blocks/Lego_Blocks.png

8. A person is having trouble losing weight. More than likely, they are NOT • Taking in less calories than they are using • They are burning fat too fast • The body is lacking vitamins • The exercise is using mostly sugar reserves and not eliminating fat deposits. D http://www.healthylifestylesweightloss.com/uploads/8/1/3/8/8138122/281981.jpg

9. All of the following are found in a DNA molecule except- • Carbon dioxide • Deoxyribose • Nitrogen • Phosphate A http://www.msg.ucsf.edu/local/programs/ribbons/help/dna_rgb.gif

10. Which one of the following Macromolecues does not have any nutrition value and is not listed on a food label? • Carbohydrates • Nucleic acid • Lipid • protein B http://www.blogcdn.com/www.thatsfit.com/media/2008/09/nutritionallabel.jpg

11. A monomer is… • A type of covalent bond in organic molecules • A neurotransmitter in the brain • A building block of an organic molecule • A type of amino acid C http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7c/Morpholino-monomer.jpg

12. Which group contains only molecules that are each assembled from smaller organic compounds? • proteins, water, DNA, fats • Proteins, starch, carbon dioxide, water • Proteins, DNA, fats, starch • Proteins, carbon dioxide, DNA, starch D http://www.enterprisemission.com/images/molecule.gif

13. Why do most enzymes not function properly after being exposed to high temperatures? • They have been converted to sugar. • Their water content has been reduced. • The enzyme’s shape has been changed. • They have combined with another enzyme. C http://blindgossip.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/hot-temperature.jpg

14. The picture shows a cell model and the solutions associated with it. In this situation the cell will- • Gain mass • Shrink • Increase in solute content • Start to vibrate B 95% water 98% water Permeable to water only

15. If the ribosomes of a cell were destroyed what effect would this most likely have on the cell? • It would stimulate mitotic cell division. • The cell would be unable to synthesize proteins. • Development of abnormal hereditary features would occur in the cell. • Increased protein absorption would occur through the cell membrane. B http://sgugenetics.pbworks.com/f/1269663451/1269891067/ribosome.jpg

16. According to the graph shown, at which pH is the enzyme most active? 6.8 6.9 7.1 7.2 A

17. What are the large molecules that travel in and out of the cell? Cholesterol Proteins Lipids carbohydrates A

18. Which macromolecule in the cell membrane would be affected directly by the grease-cutting agents in dish soap? • Cholesterol • Proteins • Lipids • Carbohydrates C http://i.istockimg.com/file_thumbview_approve/8879960/2/stock-illustration-8879960-dish-soap.jpg

19. Which organelle makes proteins using coded instructions that come from the nucleus? • Lysosome • Mitochondria • Ribosome • Plasma membrane C http://scienceblogs.com/clock/upload/2006/11/a2%20animal%20cell.png

20. What would happen to a marine protozoan (unicellular) if removed from its normal saltwater habitat and placed into a freshwater pool? • Loss of water through osmosis • Loss of water through active transport • Gain of water through osmosis • Gain of water through active transport C http://aquatic2000.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/freshwater-vs-saltwater-520x5622.jpg

21. Tonicity

22. A student examines a cell under the microscope and determine that it is a eukaryote. Which structure did the student identify in order to come to this conclusion? • Vacuole • Nucleus • Cell wall • Ribosome B http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_lk6MuzljD_Y/TLIgrpasK7I/AAAAAAAAAAM/MApgFtu3sfo/s1600/13964-Biology-Diagram-Of-Prokaryotic-And-Eukaryotic-Cells-Poster-Art-Print.jpg

23. In a plant cell, which organelle is uses light to produce sugar? • Chloroplast • Ribosomes • Nucleus • Mitochondrion A http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTPtxw1tem3h26S1WZnMxiwuO76gKT4fx7GiC3ZbvEiBbRevlMk18PCWMEQ

24. Which organelle is filled with enzymes and breaks down food and other organelles into molecules the cell can use? • Lysosome • Mitochondria • Ribosome • Plasma membrane A http://t3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSGHIv06f4z_nYkq0SNgR_FSDtEjCUm03QTixzjp0iJZ3JsfXrdAC0A7MEw

25. Eating a sweet potato provides energy for human metabolic processes. The original source of this energy is______ C • The energy in protein molecules stored within the potato. • From starch molecules absorbed by the potato plant. • Made available by photosynthesis • In vitamins and minerals found in the soil. http://www.justasdelish.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/SweetPotato.jpg

26. The process of photosynthesis and respiration can be thought of as a cycle because- • One is used only by plants and the other is used only by animals • Both give off oxygen to be used by animals • The products of one are used as the raw materials of the other • They both have same purpose C http://elinow-bioreview2.wikispaces.com/file/view/cycle.gif/191496710/cycle.gif

27. The function of chlorophyll in photosynthesis is to • Bind carbon dioxide to water • Split to produce oxygen • Trap light energy • Act as a source of carbon dioxide C http://dvbiology.org/biologyweb/bphoto_files/image008.jpg

28. 1. What is the monomer for Carbohydrates. • Sugar • Monosaccharide • Fatty acid • Nucleic acid B

29. 2. Changing GTGC CTGC What type of mutation is this? • Deletion • Duplication • Substitution • Insertion C

30. 3. A plant cell is different from animal cell because a plant cell has: • Nucleus • Cell wall • Mitochondria • DNA B

31. What should go into box 5? • Carbon dioxide • Glucose • Oxygen • Water 5. 4. A

32. What is the name of the process? • Photosynthesis • Cellular Respirations • Autotroph • Heterotroph A 5. 4.

33. An organism that can make their own food are called? • Autotrophs • Heterotrophs • Nanotrophs • Neotrophs A

34. People who have been exposed to excessive radiation often experience mutations in their chromosomes. What conclusions can be made, if these mutations occur in the chromosomes of skin cells? • They will pass on the mutation to their offspring. • They will experience an increased risk of cancer • Their skin cells may turn into liver cells • They may develop entirely new chromosomes in all of their cells. B http://library.thinkquest.org/J003411/media/suntan.gif

35. Which statement best expresses the relationship between the three structures represented above? DNA is produced from protein and absorbed by the cell. Protein is composed of DNA that is produced by the cell. DNA controls the production of protein in the cell. Cells make DNA by digesting protein. C

36. DNA

37. What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide? Sugar, Phosphate Group, Nitrogenous Base

38. In DNA what are the 4 Nitrogenous bases? Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine

39. Adenine pairs with who? Thymine

40. Guanine pairs with who? Cytosine

41. If there are 30% adenine how many % of thymine are there?___%Cytosine? 30% thymine 20% cytosine

42. What is the shape of DNA called? Double Helix

43. Which 2 part of the nucleotide makes the “backbone” of DNA? Sugar and Phosphate

44. Name 3 differences between DNA and RNA RNA has Uracil/DNA has Thymine RNA is single strand/ DNA is double RNA can leave the nucleus where DNA can not

45. What is the name of the bond that holds the nitrogenous bases together? Hydrogen Bond

46. Cell Growth and Division

47. The Cell cycle consists of 4 stages what are they? G1 S phase G2 Mitosis

48. Which 3 stage of cell cycle is Interphase? G1, S phase, G2

49. What is happening to the DNA in S Phase? DNA is Replicated

50. What are the 4 phases of Mitosis? Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase