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Comprehensive Review of AP Biology Chapters 1-21: Key Concepts and Strategies for Success

This document serves as an essential review guide for AP Biology, covering Chapters 1-21. It highlights main ideas, addresses potential challenges, and prepares students for the AP exam. Key themes include the process of evolution, biological systems’ energy utilization, and information processing in living systems. Detailed chapters outline essential topics such as cell structure, genetics, and biotechnology. Additionally, group projects foster collaborative learning, encouraging students to create engaging lessons. Utilize this guide to enhance understanding and succeed in AP Biology.

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Comprehensive Review of AP Biology Chapters 1-21: Key Concepts and Strategies for Success

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  1. AP So Far… A Review over chapters 1  21*

  2. Objective • To Catch up on main ideas • Address any hindrances • Prepare for the AP exam and Final

  3. AP’s Ideas.. • Big Idea 1  The process of evolution drives the diversity and unity of life • Big Idea 2  Biological systems utilize free energy an molecular building blocks to grow, to reproduce, and to maintain dynamic homeostasis. • Big Idea 3  Living systems store, retrieve, transmit and respond to information essential to life processes. • Big Idea 4  Biological systems interact, and these systems and their interactions posses complex properties.

  4. Units Covered So far… • The Chemistry of Life: • Chapters 1  5 • The Cell: • Chapters 6  12 • Genetics: • Chapters 13  15 • Gene Activity & Biotechnology: • Chapters 16  21*

  5. The Chemistry of Life: What you need to Know… • Three subatomic particles • The types of chemical bonds • Hydrogen bonding • Interpreting the pH scale • Buffers in biological systems • Properties of Carbon • The difference and importance of dehydration and hydrolysis rxns. • Recognize the structure of the four groups of organic compounds.

  6. The Cell: What you need to Know… • About the Cell • Difference btwn. Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic • Structure and Function of Organelles common to and solely for plant and animals • Components of cellular membranes • Movement of water and solutes in and out of the cell • Electrochemical gradients • Cellular Energy • ATP and energy coupling • Enzyme Activity • Cellular Respiration • Photosynthesis • Cell Communication • Three stages: reception, transduction, and response • G – coupled receptors • Phosphorylation • Apoptosis • Cell Cycle

  7. Genetics: What you need to Know… • Difference btwn. Sexual and Asexual reproduction • Meiosis and fertilization • Reducing the chromosome number • Importance of: • Crossing – Over • Independent Assortment • Random Fertilization • P1, F1; F2 generations • “Genetic terms”: • Dominant, recessive, homozygous etc. • Gene vs. Allele • Reading a Pedigree • Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance • Sex – linked genes • Alteration of Chromosome • Genomic Imprinting

  8. Gene Activity & Biotechnology • DNA Structure • Packaging DNA into a Chromosome • Major Steps of Replication • Central Dogma • DNA  RNA  Protein (processes involved) • Key terms: • Gene Expression, Transcription & Translation • Major Steps of Transcription • Major Steps of Translation • Mutations and Amino Acid Sequencing • Three Parts of the Operon • Repressor Genes • DNA Methylation and Histone Acetylation • Cancer: • Oncogenes, Proto – Oncogenes, & Tumor Suppressor genes • Embryonic Development • Components of Virus • Lytic & Lysogenic Cycles • Key Terms: • Genetic Engineering, Biotechnology & Recombinant DNA

  9. Gene Activity & Biotechnology • PCR & Gel Electrophoresis • Human Genome Project • Comparing Genomes • Evo – Devo • Homeotic Genes & Homeoboxes

  10. Finishing out the year… Group Assignment and Projects

  11. The Fourth Marking Period Project • Get into groups of three/four • Each group will be assigned a unit of exploration • For each group you need the following roles: • Leader • Is responsible for the overall group competency • Time keeping, workflow, overall • Designer • Is responsible for the project outline, and creating how the project is to be presented • Researcher* (can be more than one) • Uses outside sources to support unit objectives. • Gives information to the designer and help with the project outline and “look”

  12. The Task… • Your team is going to present on the assigned unit. • The group will be charged with creating a lesson that encompasses: • Introductory Lesson • 2 Activity/Explore Lessons • Assessment Lesson • The group will be given 60min. to present.

  13. TimeLine… • You will have two weeks to prepare, aka 5 class periods starting from today. • *Revised*: The due date is April 11th. • All groups must have work completed.

  14. What you will receive… • Rubric • Unit Goals • Suggested Activities • Chapters Covered • Chapter Study Packets

  15. Tying it all together… • My task is to take from each presentation and compile a final assessment.

  16. Remember… • Even though you have two weeks, be sure to get together after class. • Have fun with the Unit!!

  17. Ready… 1 2 3

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