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CONFINED SPACE

CONFINED SPACE. Confined Space Pre-Training Quiz. 1. A “Confined Space” is defined by OSHA as a space which restricts the movement of an occupant. True False

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CONFINED SPACE

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  1. CONFINED SPACE

  2. Confined SpacePre-Training Quiz 1. A “Confined Space” is defined by OSHA as a space which restricts the movement of an occupant. True False 2. A monitor for a Permit Required Confined Space can do another job as long as he/she can maintain voice contact with the entrant. True False

  3. Pre-Training Quiz (Con’t) 3. Unfavorable natural ventilation may be found in a confined space because of the design/configuration. True False 4. The normal concentration of oxygen in the air is 21 percent. True False

  4. Pre-Training Quiz (Con’t) 5. The minimum safe level of oxygen is 19.5 percent. True False 6. Carbon monoxide is a colorless gas with a distinctive odor related to internal combustion engines. True False

  5. Pre-Training Quiz (Con’t) 7. An entrant must be trained prior to entering a confined space. True False 8. Do all entrants entering a Permit Required Confined Space have to wear a rescue harness? True False

  6. Federal Laws • Congress passes an Act • Codify Regulations • Sometimes called standards • Code of Federal Regulations

  7. Code of Federal Regulations • 29 CFR -- Labor • 40 CFR -- Environmental • 49 CFR -- Transportation

  8. 29 CFR 1910.146andFSH MEMO 385-6 Permit Required Confined Space and Confined Space Program

  9. Confined Space • Has size and shape large enough for a person to enter, • Has limited entrance and exits, and • Is not designed for people to work in continuously.

  10. Examples of Confined Spaces • Manholes • Sumps • Crawl Spaces • Food Freezers • Attics • Vaults

  11. Permit Required Confined Space(PRCS) • Atmospheric Hazard • Engulfment Hazard • Configuration Hazard • Contains other recognized Safety or Health Hazard

  12. Non-Permit Required Confined Space • Confined Space that doesn’t have a hazard other than by definition • Can be made a PRCS by conducting an activity inside

  13. Individuals Involved in PRCS • Entrant • Attendant (Monitor) • Entry Supervisor

  14. Entrant A person who passes through an opening into a PRCS. Entry is considered to have occurred as soon as any part of the body breaks the plane of the opening.

  15. Attendant An individual stationed outside of one or more permit spaces who monitors the authorized entrant.

  16. Entry Supervisor The person responsible for determining if acceptable entry conditions are present, overseeing entry, and terminating entry.

  17. OSHA Requirements • Identify all CS • Identify hazards in PRCS • Establish a CS Program • Training • Emergency/Rescue • Audits/Spot Checks • Annual Review

  18. Common Hazards Atmospheric • Lack of Oxygen • Carbon Monoxide • Hydrogen • Methane • Flammable/Explosive

  19. Oxygen • Normal Air - 21% • Enriched Air - 23.5% • Deficient Air - >19.5%

  20. Oxygen Deficiency • Disorientation, impaired judgement, difficult breathing - 16% • Bad judgement, fatigue - 14% • Mental failure, fainting - 8% • Difficult breathing, DEATH - 6%

  21. Carbon Monoxide • Toxic, Colorless, Odorless, Tasteless 50 ppm - PEL (25 ppm - TLV) 200 ppm - Frontal Headache 800 ppm - Headache, dizziness, nausea, possible death 6400 ppm - Unconscious in 10-15 minutes 12,800 ppm - Death in 3 minutes

  22. Hydrogen Sulfide Toxic, Colorless, Rotten Egg Smell, Heavier than Air • 20 ppm - Ceiling (if no other exposure) • 10 ppm - TLV • 0.13 ppm - odor threshold • 10 ppm - Eye Irritation • 27 ppm - Strong, Unpleasant odor

  23. Hydrogen Sulfide (Con’t) • 100 ppm - Loss of Sense of Smell • 500 ppm - Loss of Consciousness and Death within 30 minutes • 700 ppm - Rapid Unconsciousness and Death • 1000 ppm - Stop Breathing

  24. Methane Odorless and Colorless • PEL - None • No Physiological action (under study) • Lowers partial pressure (ergo less oxygen) • Explosive • Low Density.

  25. Flammable/ExplosiveAtmospheres Where a flammable /explosive gas vapor, or dust is present in a concentration greater than 10% of the LEL

  26. Flammable/ExplosiveAtmospheres • BE CAREFUL • If insufficient oxygen, most meters won’t work • Can “poison” meter if high concentration • Even if <10 % of LEL, can be toxic • Meter monitors a small area • Proceed Slowly • Ignition Sources?????

  27. Monitoring • Know the potential hazards • Order of Monitoring • Oxygen • Flammable/Explosive • Toxic • Other

  28. Permit • Supervisor Advised • Personnel Selected • Preparation • Authorization • Must be Signed

  29. Other Hazards and OSHAStandards • §23 - Guarding Wall and Floor Openings • §27 - Fixed Ladders • §134 - Respiratory Protection • §147 - Lockout/Tagout • §1000 - Chemicals

  30. Preparation • Lockout/Tagout • Atmosphere Tested • Entrapment/Engulfment Hazard Removed • Post Trained Attendant • Notify Rescue Team

  31. Entry Supervisor • Know Confined Spaces • Know Exposures • Know Monitoring Equipment • Know Signs and Symptoms • Issue Permits • Maintain Logs • Cancel/Close Permit

  32. Attendant • Know Confined Spaces • Know Exposures • Know Monitoring Equipment • Know Signs and Symptoms • Know Behavioral Effects • Maintain Communication

  33. Attendant (Con’t) • Understand Vigilance • Know Outside Impacts • Know When to Order Evacuation • Know How to Rescue without Entering • Know Rescue Number

  34. Entrant • Know the Hazards • Know the Signs and Symptoms • Know How to Use the PPE • Inspect the PPE • Review the Permit • Be Trained on LO/TO as appropriate

  35. Entrant (Con’t) • Maintain Communication with Attendant • Exit ASAP if Told • Alert Attendant if Experiencing Symptoms

  36. Rescue • Practice • Non-Entry is BEST • Alert Team Prior to Entry • Why Must Rescue Be Attempted • Correct Equipment • Practice

  37. Confined Space Every Entry Into A Confined Space Must Be Done So With Suspect -- • Changes in Configuration • Changes in Atmosphere • Changes in Activities

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