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Classification

Classification is essential in biology to name and group organisms systematically. Taxonomy, the study of naming and classifying organisms, helps clarify the biodiversity around us. For instance, the term "buzzard" refers to different birds in England (hawk) and the US (vulture). Establishing a common naming system is vital for effective communication. Binomial nomenclature assigns every species a unique two-part name in italics, with the first word (genus) capitalized and the second (species) lowercase. Carl Linnaeus pioneered this classification with seven taxonomic levels, from species to kingdom.

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Classification

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Classification Ch. 18-1

  2. Classification • Def: means to name and group organisms in a logical manner • Taxonomy – area of biology that classifies

  3. Naming • What is a bird? • Are there different types of birds? • In England – “buzzard” means hawk • In US – “buzzard” means vulture • Why is it a good idea to come up with a common naming system? • So everyone can be talking about the same thing!

  4. Binomial Nomenclature • Every species gets a 2-part name • Always written in italics • First word is capitalized - genus • Second word is lowercase – species • The second word is always specific to the species • Polar bear • Ursusmaritimus(Ursus is genus, maritimus is species) • Grizzly bear • Ursusarctos

  5. Linnaeus’s System • Carl Linnaeus designed the current classification system • There are 7 levels (taxons) • Species (smallest) – What is a species? • Genus – made of similar species • Family – made of similar genus • Order – made of similar families • Class – made of similar orders • Phylum – made of similar classes • Kingdom - made of similar phylums

  6. Taxons • King - Kingdom • Philip’s - Phylum • Class - Class • Ordered the - Order • Family - Family • Genius to - Genus • Speak - Species

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