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Endocrine control of osmolarity Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) Aldosterone Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

Endocrine control of osmolarity Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) Aldosterone Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP). Induces H 2 O conservation Released from posterior pituitary Peptide hormone Activates kidney cells to increase water pores on membrane surface inside collecting duct

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Endocrine control of osmolarity Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) Aldosterone Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

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  1. Endocrine control of osmolarity Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) Aldosterone Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

  2. Induces H2O conservation Released from posterior pituitary Peptide hormone Activates kidney cells to increase water pores on membrane surface inside collecting duct Net effect: water conservation Osmoregulation: ADH

  3. Figure 45.6a Hormones of the hypothalamus and pituitary glands

  4. Osmoregulation: Vasopressin (ADH)

  5. Induces Na+ conservation Synthesized and released from adrenal cortex Steroid hormone (moves in and out of cells by diffusion) Acts on kidney cells to increase production of Na+ membrane channels and Na+/K+ pumps Osmoregulation: Aldosterone

  6. Osmoregulation: Aldosterone

  7. Induces Na+ and water excretion Released from the heart when plasma volume is high Peptide hormone Acts on the kidney to increase Na+ & water excretion, mechanisms not well understood Also act as antagonist to vasopressin and aldosterone Osmoreg.:Atrial natriuretic peptide

  8. Aldosterone & ADH effects on OsM • If aldosterone rises OsM increases or decreases? • If ADH rises OsM increases or decreases?

  9. Endocrine control of basal metabolic rate - thyroxine and triiodothyronine

  10. Figure 45.6b Hormones of the hypothalamus and pituitary glands

  11. Thyroid hormones - amines from thyroid that regulate BMR

  12. Thyroid hormone control and function Thyroid glands Anterior pituitary Hypothalamus

  13. Indicate whether level is increased, decreased or no change

  14. Endocrine response to stress - epinephrine and norepinephrine - cortisol

  15. Figure 45.14 Stress and the adrenal gland

  16. Catecholamine hormones - amines that control our response to acute stress - Cardiac output increases - Blood vessels to skel. muscles dilate - Blood vessels to dig. organs constrict - Liver produces glucose

  17. Cortisol control • Diurnal rhythm & chronic stress • hypothalamus CRH ( + ) negative feedback anterior pituitary ACTH ( - ) Break down proteins and fats to make more plasma glucose ( + ) adrenal cortex cortisol catabolic effects

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