1 / 42

La fisiologia del sonno

La fisiologia del sonno. Luigi Ferini-Strambi Centro di Medicina del Sonno Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano. IL SONNO NEGLI ANIMALI (DURATA IN % DI 24 ORE). IN BASE ALL’OSSERVAZIONE: MUCCA 3 ELEFANTE 19 CAVALLO 29 GORILLA 70.

sienna
Télécharger la présentation

La fisiologia del sonno

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. La fisiologia del sonno Luigi Ferini-Strambi Centro di Medicina del Sonno Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano

  2. IL SONNO NEGLI ANIMALI (DURATA IN % DI 24 ORE) IN BASE ALL’OSSERVAZIONE: MUCCA 3 ELEFANTE 19 CAVALLO 29 GORILLA 70 IN BASE A REGISTRAZIONI EEG: ASINO 13 RATTO 50 GATTO 60 CONIGLIO 60

  3. Organizzazione gerarchica delle strutture responsabili del sonno( L. Parmeggiani ) Veglia NREM REM corteccia ipotalamo tronco ipotalamo tronco corteccia tronco corteccia ipotalamo

  4. PARAMETRI FISIOLOGICI PER LA DEFINIZIONE DEL SONNO C M S D R

  5. IPNOGRAMMA

  6. Sleep Academic Award 12

  7. Dijk and Edgar, 1999, Lung Biology in Health and Disease, vol.133

  8. Neonato / Bambino Adulto % REM / NREM 50 / 50 20 / 80 Periodicità stadi di sonno 50-60’ 90-100’ Esordio sonno REM NREM Organizzazione temporale stadi di sonno I cicli REM/NREM egualmente distribuiti durante il sonno I cicli NREM 3-4 nel primo terzo della notte; REM nell’ultimo terzo Maturazione pattern EEG 1 solo stadio NREM > stadi indeterminati K-complex Onde delta St. NREM differenti VARIAZIONI DEL CICLO SONNO-VEGLIA

  9. Arousal

  10. No sleep 20 20 15 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 10 14 18 22 02 06 10 10 14 18 22 02 06 10 05 05 04 04 03 03 02 02 01 01 10 14 18 22 02 06 10 10 14 18 22 02 06 10 25 25 20 20 15 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 10 14 18 22 02 06 10 10 14 18 22 02 06 10 20 20 15 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 10 14 18 22 02 06 10 10 14 18 22 02 06 10 Sleep Cortisol (µg/dl) Thyrotropin (µU/ml) acutesleepdeprivation Prolactin (ng/ml) Growth Hormone (µg/L) Clock Time

  11. Cortisol rhythm

  12. Impact of sleep debt on metabolic and endocrine functionSpiegel K, et al. The Lancet 1999, 354:1435–1439. • Intolleranza glucidica • ↓Clearance glucosio 40% • ↓Risposta insulinica al glucosio 30% • Recupero sonno normalizza i valori

  13. Grasso è bello ???

  14. Self-reported Sleep and the Prevalence of Obesity in the US 9 25% 20% 8 15% Obesity prevalence Sleep (hours) 7 10% 6 5% Sleep (adult) Obesity 0% 5 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

  15. Continuous glucose infusion (5g/kg/24h) DAYTIME LEPTIN AND GHRELIN LEVELS 3.5 3.0 LEPTIN (ng/ml) 2.5 AFTER 2 DAYS OF 2.0 10-H BEDTIMES 1.5 3.4 AFTER 2 DAYS OF GHRELIN (ng/ml) 4-H BEDTIMES 2.8 2.2 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 CLOCK TIME p level % change 9-21 leptin levels (ng/ml) 2.6 ± 0.52.1 ± 0.40.041 -19% 12-21 ghrelin levels (ng/ml) 2.6 ± 0.23.3 ± 0.20.038 +24%

  16. PRIVAZIONE DI SONNO • Diminuisce l’attività delle cellule “natural killers” nell’uomo Moldofsky, 1989 • Impedisce nel topo messo a contatto con un virus influenzale di sviluppare “memoria immunitaria” Brown et al, 1989

  17. sleep loss impairs the human antibody response to hepatisis A vaccination total loss of sleep in the night following vaccination impairs immune response 28 days later Lange et al (2003) Psychosomatic Medicine 65: 831-835

  18. response to influenza vaccination is impaired in individuals with chronic partial sleep restriction Sleep restriction to 4 hours/night, for 4 days before and 2 days after vaccination, impairs immune response to vaccination Spiegel et al (2002) JAMA 288: 1471-1472

  19. Brain Structures That Did Not Show Decreased Metabolic Rate From Waking to Sleep States in Patients With Insomnia (A) and Brain Structures Where Relative Metabolism While Awake Was Significantly Higher in Healthy Subjects Than in Patients With Insomnia (B) Nofzinger et al. Am J Psychiatry 2004;161:2126-2128

  20. Increased Adenosine SLEEP DEBT Frontal Lobe dysfunctions Reduced cortical cholinergic activity Harrison & Horne, 2000; Boonstra et al., 2007 PET studies One single night of sleep loss significantly reduces prefrontal metabolic activity Thomas et al., J Sleep Res, 2007, 9: 335-352

  21. J Clin Sleep Med, 2007

More Related