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Ch.24 “The New Era”

Ch.24 “The New Era”. Fear of Change. Nativism Isolationism Red Scare Palmer Raids Sacco and Vanzetti KKK Quota System Strikes . P olitics. Warren G. Harding “Return to normalcy” Return to old-guard conservative Republicans. Limited government regulation Domestic Policy:

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Ch.24 “The New Era”

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  1. Ch.24“The New Era”

  2. Fear of Change • Nativism • Isolationism • Red Scare • Palmer Raids • Sacco and Vanzetti • KKK • Quota System • Strikes

  3. Politics Warren G. Harding “Return to normalcy” • Return to old-guard conservative Republicans. • Limited government regulation Domestic Policy: -Reduction in income tax -Increased tariff rates to the highest ever (Fordney-McCumber Tariff) -Bureau of Budget Scandals and Death: Ohio Gang: Appointed good and some VERY bad men for positions. (Teapot Dome) Bribery and scandal -Died suddenly in August 1923.

  4. Harding & Foreign PolicyPeace Movement • Washington Conference: Stabilize armaments. • Five-Power Treaty - Navy ratios: US 5, Britain 5, Japan 3, France 1.67, Italy 1.67. • Four-Power Treaty - US, France, GB, and Japan respect each other’s territory in the Pacific • Nine-Power Treaty - Open Door Policy • Kellogg-Briand Pact- All nations signed a pact to not use aggressive force to achieve national ends. • Dawes Plan- A cycle to help Germany pay war reparations and Britain and France pay back borrowed money to the US.

  5. Politics Calvin Coolidge “Silent Cal” “The business of America is business” • Election of 1924: Wins reelection Vetoes and inaction: • Vetoed almost everything, wouldn’t help struggling farmers or veterans. • Andrew Mellon (Secretary of Treasury)- Reductions in taxes, personal income and inheritances. • Herbert Hoover: (Commerce Department)- “ Coolidge declines a second term Herbert Hoover runs for president

  6. “New Era” Economic Development • 1921: Postwar recession • Business prosperity: (1922-1928) Standard of living higher, indoor plumbing, central heating, electricity, income increased for most middle and working class. Reasons for Business Prosperity: • Increased productivity: Assembly line, mass production • Energy Technologies: Oil and electricity instead of coal. • Technological Advancements • Government policy

  7. Questions: • What did both Harding and Coolidge promote during their presidencies? • What did the passing of numerous armament treaties as well as the Kellogg-Briand Pact signify? • How did the automobile change American life? • What advances were made in the airplane industry during the postwar years? • In what ways did the increase of the standard of living change/improve life in America?

  8. Prohibition • “Noble Experiment” • Defying the law- Popular to ignore the law and drink. • Speakeasies- Bars that gave access to bootleg liquor. • Gangsters- Al Capone used alcohol to strengthen his posse. • 1933- 21thAmendment repealed the 18th

  9. Women and Minorities • Women: “Pink-Collar” Jobs- Low paying jobs (secretaries, salesclerks, telephone operators, etc…) • Blacks: Janitors, garbage collectors, dish washers. *Neither group represented by unions* A. Philip Randolph- Sleeping Car Porters union

  10. Flapper: Changing Family

  11. Rough times for farmers • Increase in tractors/production • Better planting technologies: Hybrid corn • Overproduction led to lower prices. • “Parity”- Gov. ensure farmers a certain price for crops -McNary-Hangen Bill- Wouldn’t pass.

  12. Pop Culture

  13. Decline of the “Self-Made Man” • “Self-Made Man” becomes more of a myth than reality. • Men sought after other outlets for “manhood” • Heroes: Thomas Edison, Henry Ford, and Charles Lindbergh (Aviator flew solo across the Atlantic.)

  14. Literature of Alienation • Writing turned against religion and wartime. • Gertrude Stein called these postwar writers and people a “lost generation” • F. Scott Fitzgerald, Ernest Hemingway, & Sinclair Lewis, Ezra Pound, & T.S Lewis spoke out against -Ideals of earlier times -Materialism

  15. Harlem Renaissance • Harlem NY became famous for black actors, artists, musicians, and writers. Poets & Musicians: -Looked at African American heritage -Jazz Age- Duke Ellington & Louis Armstrong -Blues- Bessie Smith, Paul Robeson

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