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Impressionism

Impressionism. A Break From Tradition. Setting the Stage:. Paris, France c. 1870-1890 CE The French Royal Academy of Art dominated the field of art. This group preserved the Academic styles of art. Academic Art: Images of historical subjects, religious scenes, and portraits were valued

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Impressionism

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  1. Impressionism A Break From Tradition

  2. Setting the Stage: • Paris, France • c. 1870-1890 CE • The French Royal Academy of Art dominated the field of art. • This group preserved the Academic styles of art. • Academic Art: • Images of historical subjects, religious scenes, and portraits were valued • landscape and still life scenes were not! • Very precise, smooth, realistic looking art • No brushstrokes were evident, layers and layers of thin paint glazes • Desaturated colors • Very specific/rigid set of rules that artists must follow • Scenes looked very posed and stiff/ idealized human forms

  3. Jacques-Louis David The Death of Socrates 1787

  4. continued • Salon de Paris: • An annual juried art show held by the Royal Academy. • Artists received prizes, commissions, and prestige by being admitted to the show. • However… • Some artists began to get rejected year after year, because they were rule breakers and wanted FREEDOM to abandon the Academic tradition.

  5. EdouardManet Olympia 1863

  6. EdouardManet Olympia 1863 • Vulgar, confrontational, direct unashamed gaze • Too realistic/not idealistic • Hand positioning-control • Courtesan symbols=orchid, necklace, shoe, bouquet, black cat • Unrefined technique Titian Venus of Urbino 1538

  7. Critic: “Wallpaper in its embryonic state is more finished than that seascape.” Claude Monet Impression: Sunrise 1872 The first “true” Impressionist painting; how the group got their name!

  8. General Characteristics of Impressionism: • Short, thick, fast brushstrokes (capture the essence, not details) • As little color mixing as possible (vibrant colors). (To save time.) • Used Optical Color Mixing. Yellow next to blue = green. • Shadows=add complementary color, not black • Wet-into-Wet painting (no more thin layers of paint) SPEED!!!! • Interested in how natural light effects colors and atmospheric effects. • Close attention is paid to the reflection of colors from object to object. • Paintings were made en plein air (in open air, aka outside). • Made possible by development of metal paint tubes.

  9. After being refused for several years from the Salon, Manet and other rejected artists participated in a separate show called: The Salon of the Refused in 1863 Most people came to the show to laugh and ridicule the artwork, but they kept on painting. The Impressionists had 8 independent art shows in the following years. They set the wheel in motion for all of Modern Art that was yet to come!

  10. Major Artists: FrédéricBazille GustaveCaillebotte Mary Cassatt Paul Cézanne Edgar Degas ÉdouardManet Claude Monet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre-Auguste Renoir Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec

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