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Electricity and Magnetism

Electricity and Magnetism. Test Review. Static Electricity. Def: Electricity created by a group of electrons staying together in one place. Electrons. Electric Charge. How can an object collect electrons to get an electric charge?. Electric Charge.

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Electricity and Magnetism

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  1. Electricity and Magnetism Test Review

  2. Static Electricity • Def: Electricity created by a group of electrons staying together in one place. Electrons

  3. Electric Charge • How can an object collect electrons to get an electric charge?

  4. Electric Charge • How can an object collect electrons to get an electric charge? • FRICTION!! - - - - - - - -

  5. Types of Electron Buckets • What are buckets called where electrons stay put when they are placed inside?

  6. Types of Electron Buckets • What are buckets called where electrons stay put when they are placed inside? INSULATORS: Rubber Plastic

  7. Types of Electron Buckets • What are buckets where electrons are free to move around in?

  8. Types of Electron Buckets • What are buckets where electrons are free to move around in? CONDUCTORS: Metal Water

  9. Types of Electron Buckets • What is it called when a conductor is connected to the GROUND?

  10. Types of Electron Buckets • What is it called when a conductor is connected to the GROUND? GROUNDING!

  11. Multiple Charged Objects • Imagine two objects, one with +10C of charge and the other one neutral. No Charge +10C

  12. Multiple Charged Objects • They are brought together and touch. Then are separated… +10C No Charge

  13. Multiple Charged Objects • What charge does each object have now? ??? ???

  14. Multiple Charged Objects • The total initial charge was split between the two objects. +5C +5C

  15. Multiple Charged Objects • Complete the practice problem on you review sheet. ??? ???

  16. Total Charge • Imagine two neutral objects. Then several electrons are sent form one to the other. What is the TOTAL charge of the WHOLE system? 1) 2) Electrons - + Neutral Neutral

  17. Total Charge • TOTAL # of electrons and protons between both objects stays the same, so the TOTAL CHARGE on the SYSTEM stays the same. (Even though balloon is – and face is +) 1) 2) Electrons - + Neutral Neutral

  18. Charge Interaction • Imagine a charged balloon and a pith ball…

  19. Charge Interaction • What happens to the pith ball if the balloon is NEGATIVELY charged? -q

  20. Charge Interaction • The ball is attracted to the balloon -q

  21. Charge Interaction • What happens to the pith ball if the balloon is POSITIVELY charged? +q

  22. Charge Interaction • The ball is STILL attracted to the balloon +q

  23. Charge Interaction • What happens if the pith ball AND the balloon are both NEGATIVELY charged? -q -q

  24. Charge Interaction • The pith ball moves AWAY from the balloon. -q -q

  25. Electric Fields • Consider the electric field map below. • Recall: WWPD A B

  26. Electric Fields • What is the charge on A and the charge on B? A B

  27. Electric Fields • What is the charge on A and the charge on B? A + B -

  28. Coulomb’s Law • Coulomb’s Law gives the force between two charged objects. • Be careful of units and scientific notation when working problems.

  29. Coulomb’s Law • Coulomb’s Constant: • q1 and q2: charge on two objects • d: distance between the two objects

  30. Coulomb’s Law • One hot air balloon flies through a thundercloud and comes out with a charge of -1000C. Another balloon below has a positive charge of +900C of charge. If they are separated by a distance of 200m, what is the electrostatic force between the two balloons?

  31. Coulomb’s Law • Inverse square Law: • What happens if you double, triple, etc the distance??

  32. Coulomb’s Law • Inverse square Law: • If distance is___________, F is _________. doubled ¼ tripled 1/9 quadrupled 1/16

  33. Current Electricity • Current electricity involves electrons moving through conductors.

  34. Current • Def: How fast electrons flow past a fixed spot. • Formula: • Current is measured in Amps

  35. Voltage • Def: The amount of Potential Energy in a circuit. • Voltage is measured in Volts.

  36. Power • Def: The amount of electricity that is used by an object. • Power is measured in Watts

  37. Resistance • Def: Measure of how much electrons are slowed down when they go through a resistor. • Resistance is measured in Ohms (Ω)

  38. The Formulas Q I t P I V V I R (Ohm’s Law)

  39. Power Bills • To calculate a Power Bill, Power must be in kilowatts and time in hours. • Bill= rate*kW*h • Kilo: 1000 (1000 Watts in 1 Kilowatt)

  40. Practice • Complete the practice problems for a classwork grade.

  41. Circuits • Two main types of circuits • Series Circuit- One lane road • Parallel Circuit- Interstate

  42. Ohm’s Law- WHOLE Circuit • What is Rtotal for the circuit? What is the current? 3Ω 5Ω 5V

  43. Ohm’s Law- EACH Resistor • What is the voltage in each resistor? 3Ω 5Ω 5V

  44. PARALLEL Circuits • Which resistor has the greatest current flowing through it? 2Ω 4Ω 10V

  45. Magnets and Magnetic Fields • Magnetic Fields are SIMILAR to electric fields. • Consider the following magnet. 1 2

  46. Magnets and Magnetic Fields • Fact: Field Line ALWAYS leave the North Pole and enter the South Pole 1 2

  47. Magnets and Magnetic Fields • Which end is North and which is South? 1 2

  48. Magnets and Magnetic Fields • Which end is North and which is South? N S

  49. Magnetic Fields- Right Hand Rules Use your right hand!!!!

  50. Right Hand Rule #1 • What does a magnetic field, B, look like around a wire? • Grab some wire with your RIGHT hand I

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