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AZA Conference

Supporting Animal Welfare at Zoos Around the World: A Collaboration Between the Phoenix Zoo, The Jane Goodall Institute and other NGOs. AZA Conference. Hilda Tresz | 2015. Behavioral Enrichment & International Animal Welfare Coordinator.

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AZA Conference

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  1. Supporting Animal Welfare at Zoos Around the World: A Collaboration Between the Phoenix Zoo, The Jane Goodall Institute and other NGOs AZA Conference Hilda Tresz | 2015

  2. Behavioral Enrichment & International Animal Welfare Coordinator 2012 - Phoenix Zoo’s Behavioral Enrichment & International Animal Welfare Coordinator position created Phoenix Zoo – Behavioral Enrichment Program International Work 2007 Jane Goodall Institute Primary focus: Enhance the care of chimpanzees (basic husbandry, enrichment, training, genetics) Eliminate solitary confinement situations - find and introduce suitable companions for adult and young chimpanzees In Practice, expanded for all species

  3. International Work/Travel Site assessment - one week (2-5 days) per zoo to evaluate & make changes Once returned to Phoenix - Follow up via emails or personal contact in country-Cont. to be viewed as a resource, providing feedback and suggestions as needed. Sometimes follow-up visit after a few years Chimpanzees (and other species) are found: In solitary confinement Empty, concrete cages Dark dungeons Sick Starved Sometimes dead!

  4. Job requires sensitivity and diplomatic approach to complex situations Outsider – an American, Caucasian woman Different culture – Animals may not be regarded as living things (i.e., “furniture level”) Women may be regarded on different level Different cleaning habits Religious influences – Contraception in animals, Ramadan, etc. Opposition from zoo staff – Initial doubt and fear of changes Lack of staff education and understanding of needs, knowledge and experience Lack of motivation of staff with no consequences to behavior Lack of resources – Limited time, funding, food, tools, people, etc. Challenges

  5. Case Example: Abidjan Zoo, Ivory Coast Socio-political crisis since 2008 most recent and most critical is that of post-election crisis (December 2010-April 2011) Due to civil war: Animals showed signs of depression, illnesses & starvation. Some animals died as a result; e.g., chimpanzee, carnivores.

  6. Teamwork Entire administration was absent Staff had no salary for 4 mo. 13 continued to risk their lives to care for the animals Animals had no food or water for weeks, staff was cutting grass around zoo to feed hyenas, civets Director abandoned the zoo The zoo was left to its own The Association du Calao- supports development projects in East and West Africa (board member) Wild Chimpanzee Foundation (WCF) and Action for Biodiversity Conservation in Côte d'Ivoire (ABC-CI)- seek funds to rehabilitate the zoo and develop environmental education at all levels of Ivorian society May 2012, I left to Ivory Coast

  7. Much to do! Temporary pay for the few keepers who stayed with their animals Initiated communication with new government officials Zoo director and minister support for project, in writing Meeting with zoo authorities to discuss project and responsibilities Map of zoo and enclosures that need action Equipment and resource requirements Animal welfare issues Animal behavior issues Zoo keeper training Move animals where necessary Veterinary provision immediate Veterinary program Removal of some enclosures from animal use, standoff barriers Renovation of some enclosures, and holding areas Food preparation area, and diet records set up Education signs on all enclosures (through sponsorship of local and international companies) Education program (power points, pamphlet towards schools could be also done and sponsored) Conservation links and plan (IUCN Program + European Delegation) Conservation project Animal collection plan Animal records system set up Staff management plan Business plan Sustainability Enrichment Work towards PAAZAB accreditation Fund raising Partnership with Bamako & Dakar zoos (with a possible emphasis towards the region)

  8. Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus; 15) In large rock enclosure: 1.0 Nimlinis around 18-20 years old 1.0 Sam is around 18-20 years old 1.0 Rombois 15 male In small cage are: 1.0 Tito is 21 years old 1.0 Kiki is 20 years old,Verytimid, pulls himselfalongfloor all the time 0.1 Chantale20 years old, Chantale seems to be constantly cycling In small cage: 1.0 Bobiis 8 years old 1.0 Bogard around 6-8 years old 0.1 Deborah (Debo) around 12 -15 years old In middle cages solitary 1.0 Sidebearound 8-10years old In middle cages solitary 1.0 Didjearound 9-10 years old In small rock exhibit solitary 0.1 Judith 39 years old Nursery: 0.1 Tai is around 2 years old 0.1 Chita around 2 years old 0.1 Esperance 4 month old

  9. Human and Animal Safety Chimpanzee cages not ready for introductions Lack of access to funds of Swiss bank account Richard (Zoologist, Project Manager of Abidjan Zoo) and I needed to wait an additional 4 days (out of 7) before construction could start Cages needed doors to connect as well as some new bars or at least bar support to hold chimpanzees While waiting……..immediate and /or temporary solutions Half destroyed exhibit, unsafe cages Visitor could walk up to adult chimpanzees Barricades were installed

  10. Finding immediate food supplies No food or half rotten food Identifying edible plants on zoo grounds and training staff to recognize them Browse gardens

  11. Finding immediate substrate supplies No substrate - No budget for substrate or no tools But, other exhibits were full of edible dry leaves Immediate furnishing with dry leaves from park Old tires for toys and sleeping devices

  12. All species received substrate

  13. Sidebe’s skin problem Sidebehad severe dry, itchy skin Immediate medical training program Olive oil and water spray Also allowed me to treat small cut on palm

  14. Introducing Didje(DJ) and Sidebe DJ and Sidebe in separate cages across each other and after introduction

  15. Transferring Judith Out of solitary confinement and next to young chimpanzees (Sidebe and DJ) From rock work exhibit  Into two adjacent cages One being used as a night house for her privacy 39 years old (born in 1974) Morbidly obese Behavioral problems Locks herself inside Sits in the dark

  16. Education Education is the key! Power point presentations CONTRA FREELOADING. A presentation teaches people how to feed their animals so instead of eating, they would forage similar to their conspecifics to the wild. THE LACK OF SUBSTRATE USE IN ZOOS. Addresses the easy fix of empty cages and shows how much of the difference does it make in the animals’ lives when they do not have to sit in empty concrete cages. This is probably the most important animal welfare presentation I will give. BENEFICIAL BROWSE. Will show how to grow plants even in the Sonoran Desert, and how to create browse gardens practically from nothing under such harsh climate and provide edible (free) plants for the entire collection every single day.

  17. Happy Crew After Hard Work!

  18. The work continues Richard Champion remained for another 2 years at Abidjan as the Deputy Director Continues report follow up • Report for Abidjan Zoo May-June 2013 • Richard Champion Deputy Director Abidjan Zoo • This report provides a summary of the work carried out at the zoo and includes all animal work, business development, Zoo development and all associated activities to assist in moving the zoo forward. • Zoo grounds • The rubbish disposal by visitors is a problem and being worked on and we have mobile bins in place will also help with school groups using them. We have had limited water for two weeks following some pipe bursts. It has taken far too long to get sorted out and this needs to be discussed further with the Ministry on how to get these issues resolved quicker. An on site plumber would be ideal. • Internet • The zoo had a reliable internet service delivered by Vipnet. This has been disrupted in the last month due to technical problems that are zoo related and no fault of vipnet. Still working towards setting up website. • Webcams • I have had ongoing conversations with a UK company on providing webcams for the zoo. • Zoo perimeter and fence • G4S has not started this work yet. Richard Champion (left)

  19. The work continues Written follow up reports after each visit Reports are available at: www.chimpanzoo.org

  20. International consultations

  21. Message? It Can Be Done! Meshmesh Meshmesh with Oscar and Fatuta

  22. Buenos Aires Zoo, Argentina October 16-28, 2009 with Roots & Shoots, Argentina Pancho(P. t. troglodytes) 50 years old M, in an artificial exhibit (flooring, furniture, etc.) In solitary for at least 40 years Escaped once- injured by other chimpanzees Limited use of right hand Cross -eyed Complete lack of social skills Passed away December 31, 2010 Gombe(P. t. troglodytes) 8 years old M In social group with (1.0 Martin 40, 0.1 Sasha, 12 and 1.0 Kangoo 2) Opposing alpha male Martin, trying to breed his mother Lack of social skills due to loosing his mother at age 2

  23. Doha Zoo, Qatar June 6-8, 2010 with American Teachers of Doha Rita (P. t. ellioti) Appr. 10 years old F In solitary confinement due to unsuccessful introduction to Timmy and Tina Timmy(P. t. ellioti) together with Tina Appr. 10 years old M Tina(P. t. ellioti) together with Timmy Appr. 10 years old F

  24. Cordoba Zoo, Argentina November 22-December 4, 2010 with Roots & Shoots, Arg. Coco(P. t. troglodytes? No info) 50 years old M Together with Jenny and Silvio Jenny passes away, younger Silvio dominant Coco became depressed, submissive 2001 Diana chimpanzee is introduced Diana resists Coco and aggressive towards him His keeper is often sick and not present- he became aggressive Coco is separated –became more aggressive towards keepers Died on May 5, 2011 Toti(P. t. troglodytes? No info) 9 years old M Lost his mother at age 6 In solitary Overgrowing

  25. Future Bubalco Zoo, Argentina With Roots and Shoots, Argentina Toti(P. t. troglodytes? No info) 14 years old M Lost his mother at age 6 In solitary again since May 5, 2011 Moved from Cordoba Zoo to Bubalco Zoo Depressed –lost most of his hair Cecile …years old F Possible introduction to Cecile of Mendoza No current further information

  26. Dakar Zoo, Senegal August 16 through August 24, 2012 with Peace Corp volunteers Introduction of hand raised juvenile female to her new surrogate parents Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus?) Solitary 0.1 Edgar 6 years old Pair 1.0 Kou (Kong) 18 years old 0.1 Sydney 12 years old

  27. Changsha Zoo, China September 19-22, 2013 with Animalsasia Kabu(P. t. troglodytes? No info) 14 yeas old M LianLian(P. t. troglodytes? No info) 12 yeas old M Considerably smaller Unusual behaviors loudly screaming Sachiko (P. t. troglodytes? No info) 26 yeas old F Kabu is being tired from all running around, quite comical actually.

  28. Fuzhou Zoo, China September 14-19, 2013 with Animalsasia BeiBei7 years old F and Bowbow6 years old M(P. t. troglodytes? No info) New husbandry and enrichment program Animals did know how to breed

  29. Hangzhou Zoo, China September 8-14, 2013 with Animalsasia Integrating group of five infants with group three adults to serve as surrogate parents (P. t. troglodytes? No info) Adult group Bobo 18 years old M; Mingming 13 years old FLaoda(No.1)7 years old F Infant group Laoer(No.2) 5 years old M; Laosan(No.3) 4 years old M Laosi(No. 4) 4 years old F Laowu(No.5) M; 3 years old Laoliu(No.6)  F ;3 years old

  30. National Zoo, Chile February 13, 2014 Gombe(P. t. troglodytes) 13 years old M Alone again due to Pancho’s death Loosing his hair rapidly Moved to Chile Yudith (Judy) (P. t. schweinfurhtii) 34 years old F Lost her mate Toto when she was 31 Not very social

  31. New Delhi Zoo, India March 30 through April 6, 2013 Chimpanzee enrichment program (P. t. troglodytes? No info) Mani9 years old M Rita50 years old F

  32. Mysore, India March 24-29, 2013 (P. t. troglodytes? No info) Wali–solitary male, alone for 49 years due to previous aggression towards chimpanzees introduced to him. Guru21 years old M, hairless together with Ganga52 years old F Mason20 years old M together with Mirella23 years old F Introduction of Wally to Ganga and Guru with Mason and Mirella

  33. Chengdu Zoo, China February 15-19, 2014 with Animalsasia (P. t. troglodytes? No info) GuaiGuai) 9 years old F and BaoBao  9 years old M born in Beijing Transferred to Chengdu on 20 September 2007 Maternal deprivation Night house improvements Winter care suggestions

  34. Guangzhou Zoo, China February 20-24, 2014 with Animalsasia Huahua 6 years old F Suisui 6 years old F Obama 4 years old M Baby girl 4 years oldF Yangyang4 years old M (P. t. troglodytes? No info) Yingya 10 years old F, solitary Manli 19 years old) F, solitary Left for breeding loan, could not be introduced

  35. Taiyuan Zoo, China February 25-26, 2014 with Animalsasia Three sets of chimpanzees (P. t. troglodytes? No info) Dongdong, 7-9 years old M- in solitary Never learned how to breed-separated from females, lethargic Instead -Yamamoto Japanese M on 5 years loan w/females Yamamoto, (22 years old M with Guaiguai 7-8 years old) F and No. 1 10-11 years old) F Meinvi7-8 years oldF ;Nannan (Liangliang) 5-6 years oldF;No. 7 6-7 years oldFDoudou6-7 years old M Solution: altering two females between Dongdong and Yamamoto

  36. Jinan Zoo, China December 8, 2014 with Animalsasia Four infants were received in July 2010 (P. t. troglodytes? No info) Basic husbandry and enrichment program suggestions Necessary to be introduced to an adult pair of chimpanzees and grow up with surrogate parents They should not be taken outside of their cages to socialize with the visitors either Should not be used for picture taking Laosan 7 year old MLaosi 6 year old M Laoer 7 year oldF Laodayear old F

  37. Nanchang Zoo, China December 2 – 4, 2014 with Animalsasia To assess the behavioral problems of alpha male Tiantian (P. t. troglodytes? No info) Tiantian9 years oldMNiuniuF 7 years oldF Jinjin7 years old M Nini 7 years old F Qiqi7 years oldFDoudou 7 years old F with Qiqi in the back • Tiantian • Over grooming, aggressive , displays frequently towards other chimpanzees and intimidates them • Throwing rocks at visitors/staff • Separated at night • He is no longer separated from group so he don’t need to reassure his position daily

  38. Beijing Zoo, China December 10-13, 2014 ChaboNannan12 years old F Yaya 15 years old F Loan from Japan In solitary Age unknown, M Qiqi 4 years old M Sisi 4 years old F Feifei 28 years old M Moli 30 years old F Anitte 28 years old F Anok (Laoer) 28 years old F Introduction of breeding male to adult females and two infants (P. t. troglodytes? No info)

  39. Dakar Zoo, Senegal July 22 – July 28, 2015 Introduction of two male chimpanzees who lived in solitary confinement all their lives Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus?) In solitary 1.0 Tali 26 years old 1.0 Movuli 19 years old

  40. Indirect consultations 2008 January- Zoological Center Tel Aviv Ramat Gan, Israel- Chimpanzee training program Contact person: Ori Pomerantz Chimpanzees: Lili F 47 Shoshi F 42 Rachel F 37 Luna F 21 Liki F 13 Livnat F 10 Augusta F 36 Avishag F 21 Aviv M 14 Avigail F 12 Ella F 9 Avshalom M 8 January- Krakow Zoo, Poland -Orphaned a baby chimpanzee care (Kaja (F); 15 months old). Contact person: Maria Sulinska. October- JardínBotánico y Zoológico de Asunción, Paraguay- chimpanzee enrichment program Contact person: Alvaro Vargas Chimpanzees: Congo (M) and Cheetah (F)

  41. Email Consultations 2009 April- El Pinar Zoo, Venezuela- chimpanzee enrichment program Contact person: Mariana Valerio June -Limbe Wildlife Center, Cameroon- chimpanzee enrichment program Contact person: Fru Winston August- Fundació Mona, Spain- chimpanzee enrichment program Contact person: MiquelLlorente, FedeBogdanovitz September Barcelona Zoo, Spain - chimpanzee enrichment Contact person: Taide Perez

  42. Email consultations 2011 March- Chimfunshi- Milla (F) chimpanzees husbandry and behavioural problems Contact person: Iris Jansen, Doug Cress 2012 September- Zoologico de Cali, Colombia- chimpanzee enrichment program Contact person: Daniela Delgado Jaramillo 2014 Jagodina Zoo, Serbia- chimpanzee enrichment program Contact person: Jim and Jenny Desmond Chimpanzees: Jiko (M, 10 years old ) and Maggie (F, age unknown) Belgrade Zoo, Serbia - chimpanzee enrichment program Contact person: Jim and Jenny Desmond Chimpanzees: One male and five females 2015 Chimp Eden, South Africa- chimpanzee enrichment program Contact person: Evelyn Deiner

  43. Acknowledgements Phoenix Zoo & Jane Goodall Institute for supporting animal welfare All zoo staff who take time to provide proper care for their animals on a daily basis NGOs Animals Asia Roots & shoots Argentina Peace Corp Senegal Association du Calao Wild Chimpanzee Foundation (WCF) Action for Biodiversity Conservation in Côte d'Ivoire Mona Foundation, Spain General Organization Veterinary Services (GOVS) Egypt Great Ape Survival Partnership (GRASP) Pan-African Association of Zoos and Aquaria (PAAZAB) Special thanks for the following individuals, institutions and foundations for financially supporting my travels Maria Susana Potaro, Mary Lewis, Disney's Animal Kingdom, American Teacher’s of Doha, Noon Living Trust, Matching Lumina, National Zoo- Chile, Al Ain Zoo-UAE, T. Rawles, D. Little, M. Donahey,F. Piccolo

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