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Understanding Natural Selection and Evidence of Evolution

Discover the five requirements for natural selection: overproduction, variation, struggle for survival, survival of the fittest, and population evolution. Explore supporting evidence such as embryonic similarities, vestigial structures, comparative anatomy, the fossil record, and genetic similarities. These concepts illustrate the connections among diverse organisms and the evolutionary processes that shape life on Earth, including the idea of Pangea and the significance of biochemical homology in understanding our biological relationships.

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Understanding Natural Selection and Evidence of Evolution

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Happy Tuesday! • Lets do a Quickwrite • 1. List the 5 requirements for Natural Selection to occur.

  2. Over production • Variation • Struggle to survive • Survival of fittest • Populations evolve

  3. Evidence Supporting Evolution Even Very Good Friends Hiccup Embryonic, Vestigial, Genetics, Fossils, Homologous structures

  4. 1. Embryonic Similarites • The same groups of cells develop in the same order and in similar patterns in all vertebrates. • The more alike the embryo stages are, the more closely related the organisms are thought to be. • Examples: Turtles, chickens, rabbits, and humans all appear similar as embryos!

  5. 1. Embryonic Similarities

  6. 2. Vestigial Structures • Structures in organisms left over from ancestors that have no known functions. • Examples: • Leg bones in skinks • Appendix in humans • Tailbone in humans

  7. Legless Skink

  8. 3. Comparative Anatomy • The study of the structures of different organisms

  9. Homologous Structures • Anatomy that is similar in structure and origin • Not always similar in function • This shows an evolutionary relationship • Examples: Fore-limbs of whales, birds, cats, and humans have similar bone structures

  10. Homologous Structures

  11. Analogous Structures • Structures that perform the same function but have different anatomy • This shows NO EVOLUTIONARY RELATIONSHIP • Example: The wings of birds and butterflies

  12. Analogous Structures

  13. 4. Fossil Record • Shows extinct species that have similar structures to those alive today • Includes hundreds of transitional fossils that demonstrate intermediate stages in evolution • Examples • Giant armadillos and sloths • Cephalopods

  14. Giant Armadillo and Sloth

  15. How did this whole thing happen? • Pangea • The idea that our earth was once one huge planet that split apart and became the 7 continents we know today.

  16. 5. Genetic Similarities(Biochemical Homology) • Related organisms have closely related DNA sequences and amino acid sequences • This comparison tends to be more reliable than anatomical studies • Examples: Human and chimpanzee DNA are 98% similar

  17. Genetic Similarities

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